The role of microorganisms in the carbon cycle of the various soil ecosystems

微生物在各种土壤生态系统碳循环中的作用

• 批准号: 05680447
• 负责人: HORIKOSHI Takao
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05680447/
• 关键词: Carbon cycle; Soil microbial biomass; Fumigation-extraction method; Turnover time; 微生物バイオマス; 燻蒸-抽出法; 基質誘導呼吸法

Microbial biomass in the soils were determined by the fumigation-extraction method of Vance et al. (1987) in the 3 different forests, Pinus, Quercus and Cryptomeria, in western Japan. Microbial biomass on a ground area basis (kg C/ha) in the A_0 layr of Pinus, Quercus and Cryptomeria forests were 99-110,97-104 and 73-87, respectively, and those in the mineral 0-5 cm layr were 403,324 and 549, respectively.The turnover times of microbial biomass were estimated by the methods of Tateno (1988) and Joergensen et al. (1990). After 120 days' incuation at 14ﾟC,microbial biomass and respiration rates in the steady state were determined. Using these values, the turnover times (days) in the A_0 layr of Pinus, Quercus and Cryptomeria forests were estimated to be 14-18,1-8 and 11-14, respectively, and those in the mineral 0-5 cm layr were 70-74,45-52 and 110-120, rewpectively.Then the carbon flows were calculated by using the values of microbial biomass and turnover time. The carbon flow (ton C/ha・yr) in the A_0 layr of Pinus, Quercus and Cryptomeria forests were 2.0-2.9,4.4 and 1.5-2.9, respectively, and those in the mineral 0-5 cm layr were 2.0-2.1,2.3-2.6 and 1.7-1.8, respectively.The carbon flow thus obtained is comparable to the amount of annual litter fall in each forest, showing quantitatively the important role in the carbon cycle of the forest ecosystems.

采用Vance et al.（1987）对日本西部3种不同森林——松树、栎树和柳杉进行了土壤微生物生物量的熏蒸提取测定。地表微生物生物量（kg C/ha）在松林、栎林和柳杉林的A_0层分别为99 ~ 110、97 ~ 104和73 ~ 87，在矿物层0 ~ 5 cm层分别为403,324和549。微生物生物量的周转时间由Tateno（1988）和Joergensen等人（1990）的方法估算。在14℃下培养120 d后，测定稳态下的微生物量和呼吸速率。利用这些值，估算了松林、栎林和柳杉林A_0层的周转期分别为14 ~ 18、1 ~ 8和11 ~ 14天，而矿物层0 ~ 5 cm的周转期分别为70 ~ 74、45 ~ 52和110 ~ 120天。然后利用微生物量和周转时间计算碳流量。松林、栎林和柳杉林A_0层碳流量（吨C/公顷·年）分别为2.0 ~ 2.9、4.4和1.5 ~ 2.9，矿物0 ~ 5 cm层碳流量分别为2.0 ~ 2.1、2.3 ~ 2.6和1.7 ~ 1.8。由此得到的碳流量与各森林年凋落物量相当，定量显示了森林生态系统在碳循环中的重要作用。