岩石の圧縮破壊過程とそのメカニズムに関する研究

本文对岩石压缩断裂过程和机理进行了一系列的理论和实验研究，首先用位移不连续法分析了岩石压缩破坏后的行为，阐明了裂纹扩展的过程;结果表明，裂纹剪切位移临界值是控制岩石断裂过程的主要因素。当临界裂纹扩展速度较小时，裂纹以I、II复合模式扩展，出现II类行为。另一方面，在临界值较大的情况下，裂纹扩展为II型，此时观察到I型裂纹行为。其次，通过可视化和图像处理技术观察了裂纹扩展过程。结果表明，当复合型裂纹在岩样中扩展时，岩石的力学行为表现为Ⅱ类。这一结果与数值模拟的结果相吻合，说明裂纹形式是控制岩石受压破坏后行为的重要因素，岩石的Ⅱ类行为是由Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型复合型裂纹所表征的。

A.series of theoretical and experimental studies on the fracture process and mechanism of rock in compression has been carried out.Firstly, the post failure behavior of rock in compression has been analyzed by the Displacement Discontinuity Method and the process of crack propagation has been clarified. From this result, it is made clear that the critical value of Crack shear Displacement (CSD) is a dominant factor in contoroling the fracture process of rock. The crack propagate with the complex modes of I and II in the case that the critical value of CSD is relatively small and then class II behavior is cbserved. On the other hand, the mode II cracks growth in the case that the critical value is relatively large and then class I behavior is observed.Secondary, the crack propagation process has been observed by the visualization and image processing techniques. It is made clear that class II behavior is observed in the case that the complex mode crack with mode I and mode II propagates in rock specimen. This result agree with that estimated by the numerical simulation.It is conclude that mode of crack is an important factor in contoroling the post failure behavior of rock in compression and that the class II behavior of rock is characterized by the complex mode crack with mode I and II.