Clarification of microscopic soil ecosystem of methane-producing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria

产甲烷菌和硫酸盐还原菌的微观土壤生态系统的澄清

• 批准号: 06454072
• 负责人: TAKESHIMA Seini
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: Tamagawa University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06454072/
• 关键词: Paddy soil; methane-producing bacteria; Image analysis; Soil microbial ecology; microscopic ecology; fluorometry; 硫酸還元菌; 顕微分光

It is well known that the methane gas production in natural environments is largely controlled by the competition between methane-producing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Therefore, in this study we developed a new image-detection system by fluorometry and microscopy for clarifying this competition in soil.From April in 1995 through March in 1996 we obtained the following results : 1) Ecosystem of the methane producing-bacteria in paddy soil was clarified by measuring pH, Eh, methanegas production, and concentrations of S^<2-> and organic materials in model systems. 2) Two visualization methods for all living bacteria in soil were developed by using fluorescence probes, 5- (and 6-) sulfofluorescein diacetate and 6-carboxyfluoresceindiacetate acetoxymethy1 ester.3) Photographs of living methane-producing bacteria (Mathanosarcina sp.) in an artificial soil of the seaside of Tokyo Bay were taken by fluorescence microscopy. 4)Peaks of fluorescence spectra of the methane-producing bacteria were found to be 420nm and 460nm.

众所周知，自然环境中甲烷气体的产生在很大程度上是由产甲烷菌和硫酸盐还原菌之间的竞争控制的。为此，本研究利用荧光和显微技术建立了一种新的图像检测系统，从1995年4月到1996年3月，我们获得了以下结果：1）通过测定模型系统中的pH、Eh、甲烷气体产量、S_2和有机质浓度，阐明了水稻土中产甲烷细菌的生态系统<2->。2)利用荧光探针5-（和6-）磺基荧光素二乙酸酯和6-羧基荧光素二乙酸酯乙酰氧基甲酯建立了两种土壤中所有活菌的可视化方法。在东京湾海滨的人工土壤中，通过荧光显微镜拍摄。4)产甲烷菌的荧光光谱在420 nm和460 nm处有两个峰值。

项目成果

Takeshima S., Yamaguchi C., Komatsu K., and Ogawa H.: "Sulfate reduction and methane fermentation in paddy soil and submarine deposit under submerged condition." Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tamagawa University (in Japanese). No.35. 91-101 (199

Takeshima S.、Yamaguchi C.、Komatsu K. 和 Okawa H.：“水下条件下水稻土和海底沉积物中的硫酸盐还原和甲烷发酵”。

Tsuji T., Kawasaki Y., Takeshima S., Matsumoto S.and Ueki: "A.Detection of individual microbial cells in soil by microscope fluorometry and image analysis." Soil Microorganisms (in Japanese). No.46. 41-49

Tsuji T.、Kawasaki Y.、Takeshima S.、Matsumoto S. 和 Ueki：“A.通过显微镜荧光测定和图像分析检测土壤中的单个微生物细胞。”

辻 尭: "蛍光および画像解析方による土壌中の微生物固体の検出" 土と微生物(Siol Microorganisms). 46. 41-49 (1995)

Takashi Tsuji：“使用荧光和图像分析方法检测土壤中的微生物固体”《土壤与微生物》(Siol Microorganisms) 46. 41-49 (1995)。

Tsuji T., Kawasaki Y., Takeshima S., Sekiya T and Tanaka S.: "A new fluorescence staining assay for visualizing living microorganisms in soil." Appl.Environ.Microbiol.61. 3415-3421 (1995)

Tsuji T.、Kawasaki Y.、Takeshima S.、Sekiya T 和 Tanaka S.：“一种用于可视化土壤中活微生物的新荧光染色测定。”

竹島 征二: "湛水条件下の水田土壌および低質における硫酸還元とメタン発酵" 玉川大学農学部研究報告. 35. 91-101 (1 95)

Seiji Takeshima：“淹水条件下稻田土壤中的硫酸还原和甲烷发酵以及低质量”玉川大学农学部研究报告 35. 91-101 (1 95)。