How soil biodiversity influences ecosystem stability in experimental grasslands

土壤生物多样性如何影响实验草地生态系统稳定性

• 批准号: 434341960
• 负责人: Dr. Gaowen Yang
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Ökologie der Pflanzen
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/434341960?language=en
• 关键词: How; soil; biodiversity; influences; ecosystem

Understanding the factors that determine the stability of ecosystem functioning when faced with a changing environment is a focal point in ecological research. It is becoming well established that biodiversity, especially plant diversity, is a major factor contributing to ecosystem stability. Soil biodiversity, which comprises a large part of biodiversity on Earth, is threatened by global anthropogenic changes. However, we know little about whether and how the loss of soil biodiversity influences ecosystem stability. Because it is difficult to manipulate soil biodiversity in a field study, the dilution-to-extinction approach will be used to create soil communities with a realistic gradient of species richness in this study. Grassland microcosms will be established along the soil biodiversity gradient in greenhouse experiments. Firstly, I will use a microcosm experiment to test whether soil biodiversity loss can decrease ecosystem stability through its detrimental effects on plant biomass production and the stabilizing effect of plant diversity, or increase ecosystem stability through shifting plant community composition. Ecosystem resistance, defined as the degree to which ecosystem functioning changes during a perturbation, is one important component of ecosystem stability. Secondly, I will test whether the loss of soil biodiversity can result in decreases in the resistance and resilience of multiple ecosystem functions, such as biomass production, litter decomposition, soil aggregate formation, nitrogen and phosphorus leaching and nutrient provision, to warming, drought and nitrogen deposition. This study will provide a better understanding of the links between soil biodiversity loss and ecosystem stability, which is crucial for predicting how anthropogenically induced changes in soil biodiversity will impact ecosystem stability.

了解在面临变化的环境时决定生态系统功能稳定性的因素是生态学研究的重点。生物多样性，特别是植物多样性，是促进生态系统稳定的一个主要因素，这一点已得到公认。土壤生物多样性占地球生物多样性的很大一部分，受到全球人为变化的威胁。然而，我们对土壤生物多样性的丧失是否以及如何影响生态系统稳定性知之甚少。由于在野外研究中很难操纵土壤生物多样性，因此本研究将采用稀释至灭绝的方法来创建具有现实物种丰富度梯度的土壤群落。在温室试验中，将沿着土壤生物多样性梯度建立草地微生态系统。首先，我将使用一个微观实验来测试是否土壤生物多样性丧失可以通过其对植物生物量生产和植物多样性的稳定作用的不利影响，降低生态系统的稳定性，或增加生态系统的稳定性，通过改变植物群落组成。生态系统阻力是生态系统稳定性的一个重要组成部分，是指生态系统功能在扰动过程中发生变化的程度。其次，我将测试是否会导致土壤生物多样性的丧失，在多种生态系统功能，如生物量生产，凋落物分解，土壤团聚体的形成，氮和磷的淋溶和养分供应，变暖，干旱和氮沉降的阻力和恢复力的下降。这项研究将提供一个更好地了解土壤生物多样性丧失和生态系统稳定性之间的联系，这是至关重要的预测土壤生物多样性的变化将如何影响生态系统的稳定性。