A Simulational Research on the Types of Scholastic Ability and Selection Methods

本文采用计算机模拟技术，从1986年举行的联合第一阶段成就测验（JFSAT）的考试成绩中提取考生的学业能力类型，并确定了9个具有不同学业能力的正常人群，探讨了考生的学业能力类型与高考选拔方法的关系。其中4人主要擅长文学和社会科学，另外4人主要擅长数学和自然科学，模拟是根据这些总体参数，即，使用1987年进行的JFSAT的项目参数构造了典型的测试。对按正态随机数抽取的被试进行典型测试并评分。满分取100分。选拔方法主要是通过对每一个测试对象的权重来确定的。也就是说，一种选择方法侧重于日语，数学和外语。一种是偏重自然科学，另一种是偏重社会科学等;一种是不分科目，以每个考生的最高分为标准的选拔方法，在一九八八年三月发表的报告中，出现了准确的结果。

The relationship between the types of the scholastic ability of the examinees and the methods of selection of the university entrance examination was investigated using the technique of computer simulation.The types of the scholastic ability of the examinees were extracted fromt he test scores of the Joint First Stage Achievement Test ( JFSAT ) conducted in 1986.Nine Normal populations with different scholastic ability were identified. Four of them were mainly good in literature and social sciences, the other four of them were mainly good in mathematics and natural sciences.The simulation was conducted by extracting examinees from these nine population according to the random numbers distributed as normal with these population parameters, i.e., mean vectors and covariance matrices.Typical tests were constructed using item parameters of the JFSAT conducted in 1987. Those examinees extracted according to the normal random numbers were subjected to take those typical tests and scored. The fullmark was taken to be 100.The selection methods were identified mainly by weights for each test subject. That is, one selection method put heavy weight on Japanese, Mathematics, and Foreign Language. Another selection method put heavy weights on natural sciences, another on social sciences and so on.A trial selection method, which takes the highest mark of each examinees without matter of the subject, was tried.Precise results appear in the report paper published in March 1988.