Studies on the State Change of Surface Active Sobstances in Solution.

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The aim of this research project is to obtain some new and useful information on various molecular assemblies such as micelles, films and to vesicles and elucidate their functions by pursuing their state changes in solution. (1) The small system thermodynamics has been developed for analyzing the light scattering data obtained for polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers and N-alkanoyl-N-methylglucamines (MEGA-n). (2) Studies on various mixed systems of different types of surfactants were performed: (a) Sodium perfluorooctanoate(SPFO) with sodium dodecylsulfate(SDS) and with sodium decylsulfate(SDeS), (b) SDS with sodium taurodeoxycholate(NaTDC), (c) SPEO with MEGA-9, and (d) MEGA-9 with MEGA-10. (3) The interior structures of micelles of several bile salts and the mixed micelle of bile salts with lecithin were surveyed by means of ESR spin and fluorescence label techniques. (4) To elucidate the role of bile salts in lipid digestion, the solubilization of triglyceride, diglyceride and monoglycerid … More e by bile salt micelles was investigated and the results were compared between sodium taurochenodeoxycholate(NaTCDC) and sodium tauroursodeoxycholate(NaTUDC). (5) A pressure and temperature study was made on sodium perfluorodecanoate(SPFDe) in water and for this system the critical solution temperature (Krafft temperature) and the critical solution pressure(Tanaka Pressure) were determined. (6) A new approach for gas/liguid interface science was established by examining the enrichment factor of particles in top jet drops from bursting bubbles. (7) A method of thermodynamic analysis was proposed with respect to the data upon the transfer of homologus alkanols from water to fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactant micelles. (8) Anionic surfactants with nonmetallic cationic counterions of diffused or separate electric charge were examined to see if the physico-chemical properties much different from those of conventional surfactants would appear. The finding from this study is that a solubility, CMC, a heat of micellization, and the micelle temperature range (MTR) are quite different from those of conventional anionic surfactants. Less