Research on Pyrometallurgical Refining of Crude Copper by Fluxes.

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Fundamental research on pyrometallurgical refining processes for crude copper was done using fluxes containing halide compounds in order to remove V group elements such as As, Sb and Bi. Equilibrium experiments between molten copper containing V group elements and fluxes were carried out at 1473 K. Results were summarized as follows.(1) BaCO_3-BaCl_2 system flux was found to be useful to remove Bi which was difficult to remove from copper using a soda flux.(2) As, Sb and Bi capacities were defined as reciprocals of activity coefficients of oxide form in fluxes to value the impurity removal ability of fluxes and a relationship between those capacities and the optical basicity values was observed.(3) 30% of Bi could be removed from molten copper by a CaC_2-CaCl_2 flux in reducing atmosphere. Bi removal ratio increased to 70% in a CaC_2-NaCl flux at the same condition. As and Sb , however, hardly removed by the fluxes in reducing atmosphere.