Research on Pyrometallurgical Refining of Crude Copper by Fluxes.

为脱除砷、锑、铋等钒族元素，采用含卤化物的熔剂对粗铜进行了火法精炼工艺的基础研究。在1473K下进行了含V族元素的铜熔体与熔剂的平衡实验，结果表明：(1)BaCO_3-BaCl2系熔剂可有效去除纯碱熔剂难以脱除的铋.(2)通过定义熔剂中氧化物的活度系数的倒数来评价熔剂的除杂能力，并考察了这些容量与光学碱度的关系.(3)在还原气氛下，CaC_2-CaCl2系熔剂可脱除铜熔体中30%的铋.在相同条件下，CaC_2-NaC_3助熔剂对BI的去除效率提高到70%。然而，As和Sb几乎不会被还原气氛中的熔剂去除。

Fundamental research on pyrometallurgical refining processes for crude copper was done using fluxes containing halide compounds in order to remove V group elements such as As, Sb and Bi. Equilibrium experiments between molten copper containing V group elements and fluxes were carried out at 1473 K. Results were summarized as follows.(1) BaCO_3-BaCl_2 system flux was found to be useful to remove Bi which was difficult to remove from copper using a soda flux.(2) As, Sb and Bi capacities were defined as reciprocals of activity coefficients of oxide form in fluxes to value the impurity removal ability of fluxes and a relationship between those capacities and the optical basicity values was observed.(3) 30% of Bi could be removed from molten copper by a CaC_2-CaCl_2 flux in reducing atmosphere. Bi removal ratio increased to 70% in a CaC_2-NaCl flux at the same condition. As and Sb , however, hardly removed by the fluxes in reducing atmosphere.