Functional activation of human monocytes by recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

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Following results were obtained in this research project.1) When human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hM-CSF) was administered after anticancer chemotherapy, it accelerated both granulocyte and platelet recovery in patients with gynecologic malignancy and granulocyte recovery in patients with hematological malignancy.2) Human M-CSF accelerated the granulocyte recovery and increased the survival rate of patients within 4 months after bone marrow transplantation. Human M-CSF did not increase the rate of leukemic relapse at 12-27 months after bone marrow transplantation.3) Human M-CSF activated human monocutes to produce megakaryocyte- potentiating factor (Meg-POT) in vitro.4) Human M-CSF enhanced antibody-dependent tumor-killing activity of human monocutes to Raji cells (Burkitt lymphoma-derived cell line).5) Human M-CSF enhanced antibody-independent tumor-killing activity of human monocutes to several human leukemic cell lines such as K562, HL60, U937 and Daudi.6) Changes in serum human M-CSF levels were monitored during neutropenic period after anticancer chemotherapy using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Negative correlation was found between the serum M-CSF level during neutropenic period and the duration of neutropenia.7) Injection of human M-CSF resulted in the reduction of serum total cholesterol level in human and rabbits.