Quantitative Evaluation of Speech Disorder in Patients Having Oral disease -Development of Evaluating System of Nasality

为了定量评估鼻音，发音的日本元音/i/18例患者诊断为腭裂或先天性腭咽闭合不全和17名正常人（对照组）进行了声学分析倒频谱分析。每1/3倍频程评估由倒谱方法获得的频谱包络，以获得每个频带的平均水平。20名听众评估26个语音样本的hypnasiality的5个区间0至4的规模。研究了鼻音过度的第一感知因子与1/3倍频程水平的关系。结果如下：1.高鼻音的频谱特征是第一、第二共振峰之间的水平升高，第二、第三共振峰区域的水平降低.通过对评判得分进行因子分析，得到两个因子。第一个因素，占总方差的75%，是一致的感知hypnasality。第二个因素是个体听者对鼻音的感知差异，占7%.三个1/3倍频程带的两种平均水平与鼻音过度的第一感知因子高度相关。一个是第一级以上2/3倍频程、1倍频程和4/3倍频程的平均水平。另一个是第一格式以上的3个八度音、10/3个八度音和11/3个八度音的平均水平。

To quantitatively evaluate hypernasality, pronunciation of the Japanese vowel/i/by eighteen patients diagnosed as having cleft palate or congenital velopharyngeal incompetence and seventeen normal subjects (controls) was analyzed acoustically by cepstrum analysis. Spectrum envelopes obtained by the cepstrum method were evaluated every 1/3 octave to obtain the mean level of each band.Twenty listeners evaluated twenty-six speech samples for hypernasality on a five interval scale of 0 to 4. Relations between the first perceptual factor of hypernasality and the levels of 1/3 octave bands were examined. The results were as follows :1. Spectral characteristics of hypernasality were the raising of the level between the first and second formants and reduction of the level in the second and the third formant regions.2. Two factors were obtained by factor analysis of the judged scores. The first factor, which accounted for 75% of the total variance, was the consensus perception of hypernasality. The second factor, which accounted for 7%, was the individual listeners perception of hypernasality differences.3. Two kinds of average levels of three 1/3 octave bands were highly correlated with the first perceptual factor of hypernasality. One was the mean level of the 2/3 octave, the 1 octave, and the 4/3 octave above the first formnat. The other was the mean level of the 3 octave, the 10/3 octave, and the 11/3 octave above the first format.