Foundamental Research on Elucidation of Lightning Parameters by using Optical Sensing Method.

1.光学传感方法的研究成果(1)由多光谱辐射计和数字示波器组成的遥感光学系统已于1991年建成。(2)1992年利用该系统测量了300 mm间隙之间的大气放电闪光的光谱特性。利用专门设计的光学系统测量350-500 nm波长范围内辐射发射的瞬变特性，分辨率为1 nm，小于0.1微秒。(3)1993年，在没有外加脉冲电压的电流波形振荡的情况下，测量了航空辐射的光谱和瞬变时间特性。闪电参数研究结果(1)便携式数字系统参与了冬季火箭人工触发闪电实验。并对雷电电流波形的详细特征进行了讨论。为观测雷电活动，研制了雷电电流两量程测量系统和三量程光学局域网络系统，并对275kV和77kV输电系统雷电冲击进行了研究，对雷电放电电流特性有了大致的了解。观测到了雷击初期电流波形相关的浪涌电压。

1. Research Results on the Optical Sensing Method(1) The remote sensing optical systems, which consist of a multi-spectro-radiometer and a digital osciloscope, have been made up in 1991.(2) The spectral characteristics of an atmospheric discharge flash between a 300 mm gap have been measured with the systems in 1992. The specially designed optical systems for measuring the transient characcteristics of emission of radiation for the wavelength range of 350 to 500 nm has been utilized with resolving abilities of 1 nm and less than 0.1 mus.(3) In 1993, the spectrum and transient-time characteristic of aerial radiation have been measured without the current waveform oscillation of an applied impulse voltage.2. Research Results on the Lightning Parameters(1) The portable digital systems have been taken part in the artificially triggered lightning experiments with rocket in winter. And then the detailed characteristics of lightning current waveforms have been discussed. The two-range measuring system for lightning current and the three-range optical LAN system have been developed in order to observe the lightning prameters.The incming lightning surges to transmission systems of 275 kV and 77 kV have been investigated to obtain a general idea of the lightning discharge current characteristics. The current waveform dependent surge voltages at the initial stage of lightning stroke have been clearly observed.