Studies on the pulsar and circumstellar ring of the supernova 1987A

本研究的目的是研究SN1987A提出的两个新问题。它们是：(1)新诞生的脉冲星的性质（旋转和磁场）及其可探测性；(2)哈勃太空望远镜发现的环状星周物质的起源和性质以及超新星喷出物与环之间碰撞的预测。康普顿伽玛射线天文台观测到的50-140keV硬x射线的光曲线和光学光曲线表现出了有趣的行为，为放射性元素和脉冲星的活动提供了新的材料。得到了脉冲星亮度的^<57>Co/^<56>Co比值和约束条件。我还用ASCA估计了脉冲星活动的可探测性(2)。我还进行了超新星喷出物与星周环碰撞的二维数值模拟。出现在邻近星系M81的超新星1993J也像SN 1987A一样提出了新的问题。对于SN 1993J，我也预测了一颗新诞生的脉冲星可以用ASCA观测到，这取决于它的亮度。(2)我还进行了超新星喷发物与星周物质碰撞的模拟，并计算了在这种碰撞中形成的热等离子体的x射线通量。结果与ASCA，ROSAT和OSSE的观测结果进行了比较，由此推断了星周物质密度和爆炸能量。

The aim of this research is to study two new problems raised by SN1987A.These are : (1) the properties of a newly born pulsar (rotation and magnetic field) and its detectability, and (2) the origin and properties of the ring-like circumstellar matter discovered by the Hubble Space Telescope and the prediction of the collision between the supernova ejecta and the ring.(1). The light curves of 50-140keV hard X-rays observed with GRO (Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory) and the optical light curve, which has shown interesting behavior, have provided new materials for the radioactive elements and pulsar activity. I obtained the ^<57>Co/^<56>Co ratio and constraint on the pulsar luminosity. I also estimated the detectability of pulsar activity with ASCA.(2). I also carried out the 2D numerical simulation of the collision between the supernova ejecta and the circumstellar ring.Supernova 1993J which appeared in the neaby galaxy M81 has also provided new problems as SN 1987A.(1). For SN 1993J,I have also predicted that a new born pulsar can be observed with ASCA depending on its luminosity.(2) I also carried out the simulation of the collision between the supernova ejecta and circumstellar matter and calculated X-ray flux expected from hot plasmas formed in such a collision. The results have been compared with the observations by ASCA,ROSAT,and OSSE,from which I inferred the circumstellar matter densities and explosion energy.