Genetic diversity of evergreen oak forest components and analysis of regeneration process based on kin analysis

对常绿栎林中典型先锋树种花椒的遗传变异和育种体系进行了研究。对生长在鹿儿山森林保护区常绿栎林13公顷永久样地的90个个体的叶片样品进行了同工酶分析。16个基因座扩增出清晰的条带，其中4个为多态。3个多态基因座的观察到的和估计的基因频率之间没有显著差异。结果表明，该种群的近亲交配现象很少见，个体呈传染性分布，样地共识别出7个分布区。计算7组间的遗传距离，并进行聚类分析(UPGMA法)。相邻种群在遗传上是相近的，种群被划分为遗传上一致的三个亚种群，种群由年长(约80岁)和年轻(30岁)两个不连续的世代组成。相同亚群中的晚代和晚代之间的遗传距离比其他组合的遗传距离要小，这说明即使在较小的区域内，基因在群体中的流动也是有限的。由于每个种群都以山脊为界，传粉者(蜜蜂和花蝇)和种子传播者(鸟类)的行为也受到地形的影响。

The genetic variation and breeding system were studied for a typical pioneer species, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, of a evergreen oak forests. Isozyme analysis was conducted for leaf samples collected from 90 individuals growing in 13 ha permanent plot located at a evergreen oak forest in Kasugayama Forest Reserve. Clear band pattern was obtained for 16 gene Ioci, and four loci were polymorphic. There are no significant differences between observed and estimated genotype frequencies for three of polymorphic loci. The fact indicated that the inbreeding is rare in the population.The individuals were distributed contagiously and 7 distribution patches were recognized in the plot. Genetic distances among 7 groups were calculated and the cluster analysis (the UPGMA method) was applied. Adjacent groups were genetically close, and the populaton was divided into threee sub-populations being homogeneous genetically.The population was comprised of two discontinuous generations, older (about 80 yeares old) and younger (30 years old). Genetic distance between the younger generation and elder generation in same sub-populations were smaller than the other combinations.From these facts, we concluded that gene flow was spatially limited in the population even they were distributed in small area. As each population was bordered by ridges, the behavior of pollinators (bees and flower flies) and seed disperser (birds) is also affected by topography.