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A study of chemotaxis in the coelomocytes (blood cells) of Halocynthia roretzi

盐藻体腔细胞（血细胞）趋化性的研究

基本信息

批准号：
04640668
负责人：
SOHKAWA Marina
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
OSAKA CITY UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04640668/
关键词：
Ascidian Halocynthic roretzi Defense mechanism Chemotaxis Coelomocytes Blood cells 細胞性免疫生体防御細胞

项目摘要

The defense mechanism of ascidians is of special interest in the light of the evolutionary origin of the hauman immune system. In an aim to investigate this mechanism, we have transferred the coelomocytes of the solitary ascidian in culture and observed them with time-lapse videomocroscopy and scanning electron microscopy under various experimental conditions.The project was persued in four parts which will be described separately below.PRRT I : Classification of the coelomocytes in reference to those described in literature. Seven types, and one subtype, of cells were distinguished.PRRT II : Examination of phagocytotic activity of the coelomocyte types.Three types were found to phagocytose sheep red blood cells, while one type only bundled and held them to hand them over to other cell types.Four types were shown to incorporate carbon particles. Three of these, the same as above, excreted the particles quickly while one accumulated them in its cytoplasm.PRRT III : Indirect evidence showing participation of chemoattractant(s) in the defense action.Video-microscopic evidence shows that two types of cells are attacted to the site of a living invader. One of them is considered to emit a chemoattractant.PRRT IV : Agents inducing chemotaxis in the coelomocytes.Among thirteen kinds of solutions applied to the coelomocytes from the tip of a microneedle, seven induced chemotaxis. however, none of known chemoattractant of human immune system tested induced such behavior.

海鞘的防御机制是特别感兴趣的光进化起源的hauman免疫系统。为了探讨这一机制，我们将单个海鞘的体腔细胞转移到培养物中，并在不同的实验条件下用延时视频显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察它们。PRRT II：体腔细胞类型的吞噬活性的检查。发现三种类型吞噬绵羊红细胞，而一种类型仅将其捆绑并将其交给其他细胞类型。四种类型显示出结合碳颗粒。其中三个，与上述相同，迅速排出颗粒，而一个在其细胞质中积累颗粒。PRRT III：间接证据表明化学引诱物参与防御行动。视频显微镜证据表明，两种类型的细胞被吸引到活入侵者的位置。PRRT IV：体腔细胞趋化性诱导剂（Agents inducing chemotaxis in the coelomocytes）在从微针尖端施加到体腔细胞的13种溶液中，有7种诱导了趋化性。然而，所测试已知的人类免疫系统的化学引诱物都不能诱导这种行为。