Construction of multi-port hybrid circuits

1.结果表明，利用交叉电路可以构造一种适合微带线结构的新型八端口混合电路。这种电路的一个特点是能够为支路阻抗选择任意值。(1)建立了一种具有1/4波长线段和匹配网络的支路型八端口混合型扩宽带宽的设计方法。获得了约20%的相对带宽，并且在同样的情况下，应标记出带宽上的非常平坦的耦合。(2)上述诺贝尔八端口混合的带宽强烈依赖于白线阻抗，尽管它不能通过匹配网络来扩大。给出了16端口和32端口混合的结构，并研究了利用1/4波长线段提高其带宽的方法。结果，在15%的相对带宽上实现了两种混合电路的平坦耦合。从理论上研究了多端口杂化体散射参数的相位关系，推导了八端口杂化体散射参数的一般关系。此外，还证明了具有双重对称的八端口杂化体可以采用正反相或正交的输出相位关系。作为多端口混合电路的一种应用，提出并详细研究了一种通过八端口混合电路耦合的四振功率组合系统。该系统的特点是将组合功率可分辨地传送到四个端口中的任意一个端口。各种多端口混合，包括那些由另一个研究者开发的调查。

1.It is shown that a novel eight-port hybrid circuit adequate to microstrip line structure can be constructed by utilizing a crossover. A point of this circuit is to be able to choose an arbitrary value for branchline impedances.2.(1)A design method of broadening the bandwidth is established for a branch-line-type eight -port hybrid with 1/4-wavelength line sections and matching networks. A relative bandwidth of about 20% is obtained, and in the same particular a very flat coupling over bandwidth should be marked.(2)The bandwidth of the above nobel eight-port hybrid is strongly dependent on the blanchline impedances, though it can not be widened by matching networks.Constructions of 16- and 32-port hybrids are shown and an improvement on their bandwidth by means of 1/4-wavelength line sections is investigated. As a result, flat couplings over a relative bandswidth of about 15% are realized for the both hybrids.4.A phase relation of the scattering parameters of multi-port hybrids is examined theoretically, and the general relation for eight-port hybrids is derived. Moreover, it is shown that eight-port hybrids with two-fold symmetry can take a output phase relation of inphase/anti-phase or quadrtature.5.As an application of the multi-port hybrid, a power-combinig system of four oscillators coupled through an eight-port hybrid is suggested and studied in detail. The distinction of this system is to deliver a combined power distinguishably to an arbitrary port of four ports.Various multi-port hybrids inclusive of those developed by another investigator are surveyed.