Effects of Tending Practices of Multi Storied and a Mixed Stands on Chemical Properties of Forest Soils

多层混交林抚育措施对森林土壤化学性质的影响

• 批准号: 04660154
• 负责人: KATO Hidemasa
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: Utsunomiya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04660154/
• 关键词: Forest soil; Multi storied stand; Mixed stand; Sugi; Base accumulation; Increase of soil fertility; Neutralization of soil acidity; 養分富化

According to out investigation, in the soils beneath Sugi stands more than 30 to 40 years olds, Ca and other base has increased repidly at the upper layr, and the layr of exchangeable Ca accumulation moves to the lower layr. In addition, the accumulation of N and P and an increase in soil pH were evident in the soils beneath Sugi stands, but not in the Hinoki and broad leaved stands. These results suggested that the multi storied and the mixed stands containing Sugi increase soil fertility. While the effect of a multi storied and a mixed stands on soil fertility differed according to the mixed state of Sugi and the stand density of reserved Sugi, the above presumption was confirmed. The results obtained were as follows.(1) Six mixed stands of Sugi with Hinoki and of Akamatsu with broad leaved trees were chosen in Tochigi and Iwate Prefecture. In the mixed stands with the high stand density of Sugi, the dry weight and the contents of nutrrents such as N, P, K and Ca of A_0 horizon were abundant compared to the other stands. In mineral forizon also, exchangeable Ca and P have increased and soil pH rose. These characteristics was obvious in Andosols with low base-saturation.(2) Eight multi storied stands were chosen in Tochigi, Chiba and Gifu Prefecture. Upper trees were consisted of Sugi, Hinoki and broad leaved trees, the age of Sugi or Hinoki underplanted was less than 30 years olds. In stands which upper trees are Sugi and more than 40 years old, the dry weight and the contents of nutrients such as N, P, Ca of A_0 horizon were abundant compare to Hinoki and broad leaved trees. These nutrients increased in mineral horiaon. These characteristics was obvious in Andsols with low base-saturation and in soils with the low content of coarse fragment.

根据我们的调查，在杉木林龄30 ~ 40年以上的土壤中，钙和其他碱在上层迅速增加，交换性钙积累层向下层移动。此外，杉木林下土壤氮、磷的积累和土壤pH值的增加明显，而杉木林下和阔叶林下的土壤则不明显。结果表明，多层间作和混播杉木林均能提高土壤肥力。多层林分和混合林分对土壤肥力的影响因杉木的混合状态和保留杉木的林分密度而异，但证实了上述假设。所得结果如下：(1)在枥木县和岩手县选择杉木与日木和赤松阔叶树混交林6个。杉木高林分密度混交林的干重和N、P、K、Ca等养分含量均高于其他林分。矿质层交换性钙、磷增加，土壤pH值升高。这些特征在碱饱和度较低的安多酚中表现明显。(2)在枥木县、千叶县和岐阜县选择了8个多层看台。上层乔木以杉木、杉木和阔叶树为主，杉木和杉木林下树龄均小于30年。杉木和40年以上林分的干重和氮、磷、钙等营养物质含量均高于红木和阔叶树。这些营养物质在矿质层中增加。这些特征在碱性饱和度较低的土壤和粗粒含量较低的土壤中表现明显。