EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE WATER BALANCE AND THE ROLE OF PORE PRESSURE IN THE PROCESS OF SLOPE FAILURE

边坡破坏过程中水平衡及孔隙压力作用的试验研究

• 批准号: 04660171
• 负责人: HIURA Hiromasa
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: KOCHI UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04660171/
• 关键词: Slope failure; Water balance; Dissipation of pore pressure; Volumetric water content; Rainfall; 過剰間隙水圧; 累加流出量

Water supplied to the slope in the form of rainfall penetrates and stored in the soil stratum. Slope failure occurs during these processes. So, in this meaning, slope failure phenomena can be one of the problems of water balance in the soil stratum. This is the experimental study whose key words are "water balance "and" pore pressure". Dr.HIURA who is the head investigator executed his study by the model slope and artificial rainfall system. Dr.KAIBORI who is the coinvestigator has examined the dissipation process of pore pressure generated in the mixture of water and sandy soil. Results obtained are summarized below ;1) Two types of failure were recognized : one is the flow type failure which occurs before the runoff from the slope begins and the other is the progressive type which occurs after the quantity of runoff water from the slope becomes constant.2) The index of volumetric water content, which is the ratio of amount of the supplied water to the volume of the rainfall penetrate … More d soil stratum at an arbitrary time interval from the beginning of the rain, shows the fast rise at the beginning and becomes constant afterwards independent of the soil condition and rainfall intensity.3) Surfacial movements of the slope showed the creep deformation characteristics, though the movements seem to have no relation to the volumetric water content and the amount of the runoff water from the slope.4) The measured excess pore pressure showed 1.5 times as much as the thickness of the whole soil stratum, though no fluctuation of pore pressure to predict the occurrence of the slope failure was observed.5) The excess pore pressure, which is produced in case of an artificial slope failure, dissipates faster than that produced in case of natural failure.6) The stirring experiments in use of sandy soil and water mixture have revealed that the dissipation rate of the pore pressure depends on the ratio of grains finer than silt.7) In case of the vivration experiment of highly concentrated mixture (63% of volumetric density) , pore pressure dissipates soon after the vivration has stopped. Less

以降雨形式供给斜坡的水渗透并储存在土层中。在这些过程中会发生斜坡破坏。因此，从这个意义上说，边坡失稳现象可以是土层水平衡问题之一。本实验研究的关键词是“水平衡”和“孔隙压力”。首席研究员HIURA博士通过模型坡度和人工降雨系统进行了研究。共同研究员KAIBORI博士研究了水和沙土的混合物中产生的孔隙压力的消散过程。所得结果总结如下；1）识别出两种类型的破坏：一种是在坡面径流开始之前发生的流动型破坏，另一种是在坡面径流水量恒定后发生的渐进型破坏。2）体积含水量指数，即从降雨开始起任意时间间隔内供应的水量与降雨渗透土层的体积之比， 表现出开始时快速上升，之后变得恒定，与土壤状况和降雨强度无关。3）边坡的表面运动表现出蠕变变形特征，尽管这种运动似乎与体积含水量和边坡径流水量无关。4）测量的超孔隙压力显示为整个土层厚度的1.5倍，尽管没有孔隙压力的波动来预测超孔隙水压力的发生。 5) 人工边坡破坏时产生的超孔隙压力比自然破坏时产生的超孔隙压力消散得更快。 6) 砂土和水混合物的搅拌实验表明，孔隙压力的消散速度取决于比粉砂更细的颗粒比例。 7) 高浓度混合物（63%）的振动实验情况 体积密度），振动停止后孔隙压力很快消失。较少的

项目成果

日浦啓全他2名: "豪雨による崩壊発生と間隙水圧の挙動" 第32回地すべり学会研究発表講演集. 367--370 (1993)

Keizen Hiura 和其他 2 人：“由于大雨和孔隙水压力的行为导致的滑坡发生”第 32 届滑坡学会研究报告会记录 367--370 (1993)。