Flexibility in Digitalized Working Worlds: Use and implications of telecommuting and digital work communication across European countries

在目前关于工作数字化的辩论中，地点灵活性的承诺是最突出的特点之一。信息和通信技术等数字技术使工人越来越有可能与主管和同事交流，并从任何地方获取与工作有关的数据和信息，而无论他们身在何处和正式工作时间如何。根据现有的研究，这种数字引发的灵活性可能既与风险有关，也与机会有关。一方面，这类研究表明，雇主可以通过期望员工更多地参与工作来利用这种灵活性；另一方面，数字诱导的灵活性可能是员工更好地整合工作和个人生活的一种方式。本研究的主要目的是确定以下因素：1)数字诱导的灵活工作机会是否符合雇主的灵活性利益和/或员工的灵活性利益；2)数字诱导的灵活工作机会是否削弱或加强特定性别和阶层的劳动力市场参与模式以及工作和个人生活之间的感知冲突。为此，该项目研究a)数字基础设施和社会机构(例如家庭和劳动力市场政策)的相互作用对数字工作通信和远程工作的使用和影响的重要性，b)这种情况如何随性别和职业而变化，以及c)员工对遵循或偏离理想工作人员的标准的组织工作文化是如何调节或抵消国家影响的。根据欧洲社会调查2020/21年度启动的轮换模块，将考虑个人和国家具体信息进行分层分析。

IIn the current debate about the digitalization of work, the promise of locational flexibility is one of the most prominent features. Digital technologies such as information and communication technologies have increasingly made it possible for workers to communicate with supervisors and colleagues and to access work-related data and information from anywhere, regardless of their location and official working hours. According to existing research, this digitally induced flexibility may be associated with both risks and opportunities. On the one hand, such studies suggest that employers may take advantage of such flexibility by expecting employees to be more available for work; on the other hand, digitally induced flexibility may be a way for employees to better integrate their work and personal lives.The main objective of this research project is to identify the factors which determine 1) whether digital-induced opportunities for flexible working serve the flexibility interests of employers and/or flexibility interests of employees and 2) whether digital-induced opportunities of flexible working weaken or strengthen gender and class specific patterns of labor market involvement and perceived conflicts between work and personal life. For this purpose this project studies a) the importance of the interplay of digital infrastructures and societal institutions (e.g. family and labor market policies) for the use and implications of digital work communication and telework, b) how this varies in dependence of gender and occupation, and c) how employee perceived organizational work culture which follows or deviates from the norm of an ideal worker who has few family obligations and prioritizes work mediates or counteracts national influences.Based on the initiated rotating module of the of the European Social Survey 2020/21 with more than 25 countries hierarchical analyses will be applied considering individual as well as country specific information.