Subjective Evaluation of Several Intonations in Piano

本研究的目的是探讨钢琴在不同音准下演奏的整体主观接受度。音乐材料是四首钢琴曲的节选：莫扎特的奏鸣曲，巴赫的温和的键盘曲和勋伯格的短篇作品。它们有五种音阶，即均匀音阶、威克迈斯特1号音阶、柯恩伯格3号音阶、毕达哥拉斯音阶和公正音阶。毕达哥拉斯调和just调都是C大调，不管演奏如何。在实验1和2中，7名受过音乐训练的学生和13名没有受过音乐训练的学生参加了实验。他们被要求对上述五种语调的所有可能组合做出比较判断。结果是，在两个实验中，等调语调都得到了很高的评价。在实验3中，研究人员向大约60名受过音乐训练的学生展示了五种语调的四首曲子，并要求他们在五分制的范围内对自己的主观接受度进行评分。结果是，除巴赫的作品外，其他三首作品对等调语调的评价都很高。在巴赫的作品中，等调语调被评为与韦克迈斯特和柯恩伯格语调一样高。在莫扎特的奏鸣曲中，等调语调也被评为与毕达哥拉斯语调一样高。在四段音准中，公正音准被评为最低。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the overall subjective acceptability of the performances playd by the piano in several intonations. Musical materials were excerpts of four piano pieces : a Mozart sonata, a Bach's well-tempered clavier and a Schoenberg's short composition. They were playd in five kinds of intonations, namely the equaltempered, the Werckmeister No.1, the Kirnberger No.3, the Pythagorean and the just intonations. The Pythagorean and the just intonations were tuned by C major, regardless of performances.13EA02 : In experiment 1 and 2, seven musically trained students and thirteen less trained students participated. They were asked to make comparative judgments for all possible pairs of the above five intonations. The result was that the equal-tempered intonation was highly rated in both experiments. In experiment 3, four pieces in five kinds of intonations were presented to about sixty musically trained students and they were asked to rate their subjective acceptability on a five point of scale.The result was that the equal-tempered intonation was highly rated in three pieces, except Bach's piece. In Bach's piece, the equal-tempered intonation was rated as highly as the Werckmeister and the Kirnberger intonations. In a Mozart's sonata, the equal-tempered intonation was also rated as highly as the Pythagorean intonation. The just intonation was rated as the lowest in four pieces.