Subjective Evaluation of Several Intonations in Piano

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the overall subjective acceptability of the performances playd by the piano in several intonations. Musical materials were excerpts of four piano pieces : a Mozart sonata, a Bach's well-tempered clavier and a Schoenberg's short composition. They were playd in five kinds of intonations, namely the equaltempered, the Werckmeister No.1, the Kirnberger No.3, the Pythagorean and the just intonations. The Pythagorean and the just intonations were tuned by C major, regardless of performances.13EA02 : In experiment 1 and 2, seven musically trained students and thirteen less trained students participated. They were asked to make comparative judgments for all possible pairs of the above five intonations. The result was that the equal-tempered intonation was highly rated in both experiments. In experiment 3, four pieces in five kinds of intonations were presented to about sixty musically trained students and they were asked to rate their subjective acceptability on a five point of scale.The result was that the equal-tempered intonation was highly rated in three pieces, except Bach's piece. In Bach's piece, the equal-tempered intonation was rated as highly as the Werckmeister and the Kirnberger intonations. In a Mozart's sonata, the equal-tempered intonation was also rated as highly as the Pythagorean intonation. The just intonation was rated as the lowest in four pieces.