Interspecific interactions by allelopathy and predation in land snails.

在相似巴蜗牛和粗芒蝗实验种群中，通过生长抑制和捕食对种间干扰进行了研究。结果表明，无论是捕食还是抑制生长，相似B.similaris都具有明显的优势。第二，相似B.similaris的优势表现为其生长增加和同类相食减少的正增益。干扰引起的种间互作被认为是对隐性种的负效应。因此，这一结果提供了一个干扰相互作用的例子，分别导致显性和隐性物种的积极和消极的影响。在本试验条件下，密度对粗芒刺生长（种内竞争）的影响不显著，而相似B的生长与密度呈负相关。由于这种对比，当B.similaris与A.despecta生活在一起时，总密度效应低于当所有动物都是B.similaris时的总密度效应。不同生长干扰程度下，赤星天牛个体的内禀生长率呈正相关。在生长缓慢的幼鱼中没有检测到生长减少，而在生长快速的幼鱼中干扰效果显著。没有检测到的影响的组成和相对频率的两个物种的捕食率或生长干扰。

Interspecific inerference by growth reduction and predation was tested in experimental populations of Bradybaena similaris and Acusta despecta. As the results, B.similaris was clearly dominant in both predation and growth reduction. Second, the dominance of B.similaris was detected as its positive gains of increased growth and reduced cannibalism. The interspecific interactions by interference have been understood as negative effects against the recessive species. Thus, this result provides an example of interference interactions which causes both positive and negative effects for the dominant and recessive species, respectively. Densiyt effects on growth (intraspecific competition) were not statistically significant in A.despecta in the present conditions, whereas the growth of B.similaris was negatively correlated with density. Because of this contrast, the total density effect for B.similaris is lower when it lives with A.despecta than when all animals are B.similaris in the same total density. There were positive correlations between the individual inherent growth rate and the degree of growth interference A.despecta suffers. There was no detectable growth reduction in juveniles of slow growth, while the interference effect was significant in groups of fast growth. There was no detectable effect of composition and relative frequencies of the two species on the predation rate or growth interference.