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New Venus Atmospheric Exploration Using Magelan S-band Radio Tracking Wave

使用麦哲伦 S 波段无线电跟踪波进行新的金星大气探索

基本信息

批准号：
06650436
负责人：
YAMAMOTO Zenichi
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
The Institute of Space and Astronautical Science
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06650436/
关键词：
Venus atmosphere Radio occultation Radar

项目摘要

A new radio science technique to measure the Venus lower atmosphere (<35km) near the surface is proposed and analyzed. In order to overcome the difficulty of the ordinary radio accultation technique to measure the Venus atmosphere near its surface due to the high density of the atmosphere near the Venus surface, the reflection wave transmitted from an orbiting spacecraft towards the Venus surface is utilized. The light path difference of the reflected wave on the Venus surface and the one directly transmitted to the earth from the Venus orbiting spacecraft is measured. By changing the injection angle of the reflected wave, the altitude dependence of the refractive index can be obtained. The density profile can be obtained from the refractive index. In the course of the analysis, it is revealed that, though the atmospheric density is very high near the Venus surface, the deviation of the refractive index is still small so that the atmospheric structure can only be obtained when the injection angle to the atmosphere with respect to the horizontal plane should be small. The horizontal variation of the density profile can be obtained by the spacecraft motion.Unfortunately, the NASA Venus spacecraft Megelan terminated its mission in the early phase of this research, and it was now impossible to test this idea using the spacecraft. The altitude information obtained by Magelan is very important for this new radio science technique. The participation in the next Venus exploration "Venus Multiprobe Mission " is also investigated.

提出并分析了一种新的测量金星近地表低层大气（<35km）的射电科学技术。为了克服金星表面附近大气密度大而使普通射电积累技术难以测量金星表面附近大气的困难，利用了轨道航天器向金星表面发射的反射波。测量了金星表面反射波与绕金星飞行器直接传向地球的反射波的光程差。通过改变反射波的入射角，可以得到折射率的高度依赖性。密度分布可以从折射率获得。在分析过程中发现，虽然金星表面附近大气密度很高，但折射率的偏差仍然很小，因此只有当大气相对于水平面的入射角很小时，才能得到大气结构。密度剖面的水平变化可以通过航天器的运动来获得，不幸的是，美国宇航局金星航天器Megelan在这项研究的早期阶段终止了它的使命，现在已经不可能使用航天器来测试这个想法。Magelan获得的高度信息对于这种新的无线电科学技术非常重要。并对参与下一次金星探测“金星多探测器使命“进行了探讨。