Theoretical Prediction of Filtration Characteristics and Its Industrial Application

采用常规方法对中等压缩性浆料（高岭土、酵母）进行了恒压过滤和压缩渗透性试验。将滤饼的平均比过滤阻力等过滤特性的实验值与压缩渗透率数据的计算结果进行了比较。采用超小型压力传感器测量了高压缩性浆料的水压分布。与中等压缩饼相比，琼脂凝胶颗粒浆的水压分布呈陡峭的凸曲线。此外，采用铂丝电极法测量了蛋白质溶液死端超滤过程中凝胶层的形成过程。由蛋白质溶质形成的凝胶饼表现为高度可压缩的凝胶饼。对5种料浆（滤饼压缩系数范围为0 ~ 0.93）的实验结果与基于可压缩滤饼过滤理论和压缩渗透率数据的计算结果吻合较好，可由恒压过滤数据近似得到。研究结果对工业应用，即过滤器的放大和工艺设计具有一定的指导意义。

The constant pressure filtration and the compression permeability tests were carried out by the conventional procedure for moderate compressible slurry (Kaolin, Yeast). The experimental value of filtration characteristics, e.g., the average specific filtration resistance of cake, were compared with the calculated results from the compression permeability data. The hydraulic pressure distributions were measures by using a subminiature pressure sensor for highly compressible slurry. The hydraulic pressure distribution for agar-agar gel particle slurry indicated a steep convex curve, compared with the moderate compressible cake. Furthermore, the platinum wire electrodes method was employed to measure the formation process of the gel layr in the dead-end ultrafiltration of protein solutions. The gel cakes formed from protein solutes behave as a highly compressible gel cake. The experimental results for five kinds of slurry (compressibility coefficient of cake range from 0 to 0.93) were favorably coincident with the calculated results based on the compressible cake filtration theory and the compression permeability data, which can be approximately obtained from the data of constant pressure filtration.The results of this study are useful to the industrial application, that is, the scale-up and the process design of filters.