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Entomopathogenic nematodes occurring in forest habitats and their role in a forest ecosystem

森林生境中发生的昆虫病原线虫及其在森林生态系统中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
06660197
负责人：
MAMIYA Yasuharu
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
TAMAGAWA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Surveys were done in forests located in Tokyo, Hakone and Tesikaga to determine the occurrence of entomopathogenic nematodes and to elucidate the role of these nematodes along a trophic chain within a forest ecosystem. Soil samples from forest habitats were tested for the presence of nematodes by baiting with Galleria mellonella larvae. An undescribed Steinernema species occurred at all sites surveyed. The nematode is closely related to S.feltiae, but it can be differentiated from S.feltiae by some morphological and biological characteristics. It was indicated that this nematode might be widely distributed and of common occurrence in forest habitats of eastern Japan. Based on the life cycle observed on nematode infected Galleria larvae, it could be concluded that this nematode was cold active. The horizontal spatial pattern of the nematode in its natural habitat was patchy or aggregated. The available data suggested that this nematode was a cruiser nematode as to its host finding behavior. In the larch forest of Tamagawa University Forest in Teshikaga where an outbreak of larch sawfly, Cephalcia sp.occurred sawfly larvae in soil were naturally infected with the nematode. This is the first known record of this genus in a sawfly in Japan.

在位于东京，箱根和Tesikaga的森林进行调查，以确定昆虫病原线虫的发生，并阐明这些线虫沿着森林生态系统内的营养链的作用。从森林栖息地的土壤样品进行了测试线虫的存在下，诱饵与大蜡螟幼虫。一个未描述的Steinernema物种发生在所有调查的网站。该线虫与S.feltiae亲缘关系较近，但在形态学和生物学特征上可与S.feltiae相区别。结果表明，该线虫在日本东部的森林生境中可能分布广泛且常见。根据对感染线虫的Galleria幼虫的生命周期观察，可以得出结论，该线虫具有冷活性。线虫在自然生境中的水平空间格局为斑块状或聚集状。现有资料表明，该线虫是一种巡航线虫，其寄主寻找行为。在Teshikaga的Tamagawa大学森林的落叶松林中，发生了落叶松叶蜂Cephalcia sp.的爆发，土壤中的叶蜂幼虫自然感染了线虫。这是日本首次发现该属的叶蜂。