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STUDIES ON HEAT STORAGE OF PLANT CANOPY DUE TO THE VARIABILITY OF AIR AND SOIL TEMPERATURES.

空气和土壤温度变化引起的植物冠层蓄热研究。

基本信息

批准号：
06660322
负责人：
KON Hisashi
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
CHIBA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Heat storage and temperature of plant canopy is an important factor for plant growth, heat budget and remote sensing. The purpose of this research is to make clear some subjects with respect to the heat storage of plant canopy or temperature of plant. The first subject is the influence of soil heat flux under plant canopy. The second one is the comparison of plant temperature with a few models and the third one is the comparison of the observed leaf temperature with model.About the first subject, the following result was obtained. Under row plant canopy, there are large differences of the soil heat fluxes according to the positions. The soil heat flux observed in the interrow space may be two fold of the mean value under canopy. As the difference occurs systematically, it is not able to neglect in the analysis of heat budget.On the second, the estimation of the heat storage was tried by the following three models ; model using heat budget equation and gradient method, one layr model of plant canopy and a simplified multi-layr model. As the results, the one layr model was good in spite of the simple calculation method. The first model showed the large variation in every observed time. The last model has shortcomings of complicated calculation.On the third, observed leaf temperature was estimated by one layr model using the empirical parameters although it is difficult to identify the evaporation efficiency and the bulk transfer coefficient. Leaf temperatures obtained by multi-layr model were smaller than the observed one. It seems that the difference between the row plant canopy of the field and the uniform canopy in the theory chages the patterns of transmission of solar radiation in the canopy.

植物冠层的储热量和温度是影响植物生长、热量收支和遥感的重要因素。本研究的目的是为了明确有关植物冠层蓄热或植物温度的一些问题。第一个主题是植物冠层下土壤热通量的影响。第二个是几个模型对植物温度的比较，第三个是观测到的叶温与模型的比较。行植物冠层下，不同部位土壤热通量差异较大。在行间空间观测的土壤热通量可能是冠层下平均值的两倍。由于这种差异是系统性的，在热量收支分析中是不可忽视的。其次，尝试了热量收支方程和梯度法模型、单层植物冠层模型和简化的多层模型等三种模型对蓄热量进行估算。结果表明，尽管计算方法简单，但单层模型效果较好。第一个模型在每个观测时间都显示出较大的变化。在第三种模型中，虽然蒸发效率和整体传输系数很难确定，但观测到的叶温是用经验参数用一层模型来估算的。多层模型得到的叶温小于实测值。田间行植物冠层与均匀冠层在理论上的差异似乎改变了太阳辐射在冠层内的传输方式。