Usefulness and clinical significancy of the quantitative measurement of serum acute-phase proteins in inflammatory conditions of animals

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Bioassays for the measurement of inflammatory cytokines : interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like activities in canine sera were conducted using human melanoma A375S1, IL-6 dependent murine hybridoma MG60・BSF2 and WEHI 164 murine sarcoma subclone 28-4 respectively. IL-1-like activity in sera from dogs with endotoxic shock. IL-6-and TNF-like activities were detected in sera from dogs with endotoxic shock and local inflammation.The changes in serum activites of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF were studied in dogs with acute inflammation. Dogs with local inflammation induced by an intramuacular injection of turpentine oil showed a clinically typical progression in the inflammatory respnse and recovering on day 14 after the treatment. Serum concentration of acute-phase protein increased, while the albumin concentration decreased in dogs during the acute-phase response. Serum cytokine activities changed faster than acute-phase proteins and other reactans after local injury in gogs. … More Particulary, serum IL-6-like activity in creased dramatically, therefore, it may have a major role in the acute-phase response. Furthermore, the changes in serum cytokine activities induced by local injuries seems to be different from that induced by endotoxic shock.The responses of inflammatory cytokines and acute-phase proteins in sera from horses with inflammatory conditions were basically the same as the changes in dogs.For the measurement of the concentration of serum amyloid A (SAA) protein in horses, a sensitive and highly reproducible sandwick ELISA was established, using an affinity-purified SAA antibody. Results of the ELISA were found to have a high correlation (r=0.95) with those of the single radial immunodiffusion test.A qualitative latex agglutination test for equine SAA levels was established by mixing serum with a 1% latex suspension containing 0.2mum particles coated with affinity-purified antibody at 250ng/cm^2 latex. The agglutination was performed on a glass slide at room temperature after a 60-minutes incubation. Standardization of the assay employed a SAA-enriched high density lipoprotein as the primary standard. This test is reliable and reproducible. The results correlate with those of the sandwith ELISA (r=0.953). This test proved to be a simple, rapid and practical assay in clinical laboratories for measuring SAA in field horse serum. Less