Demand and values of Nature’s Contributions to People (NCP)

在非洲，快速的城市化导致人们对自然贡献的需求急剧增加（NCP）。了解新型冠状病毒的需求以及这种需求如何在利益攸关方之间分配，已被认为是有效评估和管理新型冠状病毒的关键；然而，在科学文献中，特别是在非洲山区，NCP的需求在很大程度上仍未得到充分探讨。在这个子项目SP3中，我们的目标是揭示乞力马扎罗山主要利益相关者群体对调节、物质和非物质NCP的不同需求和价值。此外，我们将确定对管制、物质和非物质NCP的需求和价值在多大程度上受到对Chagga人和咖啡农所拥有的土著和当地知识（ILK）的保护的影响。SP3被组织成三个工作包（WP）。在WP1中，我们将通过定性方法（即半结构化访谈和照片语音）深入了解NCP的需求和价值。在WP2中，我们将评估对NCP的需求，并通过调查得出NCP值。在WP3中，我们将确定Chagga人和咖啡农对NCP的需求和价值观在多大程度上受到他们持有的ILK的影响，他们可能拥有当地的知识。SP3的结果将有助于(1)了解决定物质、非物质和调节NCP需求的人口、社会和文化因素；(2)揭示由多个利益相关者团体认可的内在、工具和关系价值，以规范、物质和非物质NCP；(3)评估以非货币方式评估NCP价值的方法工具；(4)将提供证据，说明如何将ILK纳入新冠肺炎需求和估值的评估。SP3将与其他子项目紧密合作。首先，我们将与SP1和2合作，确定量化供应（SP1和2）和需求（SP3）的新型冠状病毒。其次，在SP3中获得的关于不同利益相关者如何要求NCP的知识将有助于理解NCP如何为他们的福祉做出贡献（SP4）。此外，SP3和SP4在NCP的估值方面是互补的：SP3将得出非货币形式的NCP价值，而SP4将得出货币价值。SP3和SP5之间的合作将有助于揭示哪些制度因素决定了物质、非物质和规范性NCP的需求和价值。最后，通过调查创建的评估NCP需求和价值的指标将用于SP7的模型中。

In Africa, the rapid urbanization is leading to a dramatic increase of the demand for nature’s contributions to people (NCP). Understanding the demand of NCP and how this is distributed among stakeholders has been acknowledged as essential for the effective assessment and management of NCP; however, NCP demand remains largely underexplored in scientific literature, particularly in African mountains. In this subproject SP3, we aim to unravel the demand for and elicit the diverse values of regulating, material and non-material NCP expressed by the main stakeholder groups at Kilimanjaro. In addition, we will determine to what extent the demand and values for regulating, material and non-material NCP are shaped by the preservation of indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) held by Chagga people and coffee farmers. SP3 is organized in three work packages (WP). In WP1, we will gain deep understanding of the demand for and values of NCP by conducting qualitative methods (i.e. semi-structured interviews and photo-voice). In WP2, we will assess the demand for NCP and elicit the NCP values through surveys. In WP3, we will determine to what extent demand for and values of NCP are shaped by ILK hold by Chagga people and coffee farmers, who presumably hold local knowledge.The outcomes of SP3 will contribute to (1) understand the demographical, social and cultural factors that determine the demand for material, non-material and regulating NCP; (2) unravel intrinsic, instrumental and relational values endorsed by multiple stakeholder groups to regulating, material and non-material NCP; (3) assess the methodological tools to value NCP in non-monetary terms; and (4) will provide evidence on how ILK can be incorporated in the assessment of NCP demand and valuation. SP3 will work very closely with the other subprojects. First, we will collaborate with SP1 and 2 to identify the NCP for which supply (SP1 &2) and demand (SP3) are quantified. Second, the knowledge gained in SP3 on how different stakeholders demand NCP will support understanding of how NCP contribute to their well-being (SP4). In addition, SP3 and SP4 are complementary in the valuation of NCP: while SP3 will elicit NCP values in non-monetary terms, SP4 will elicit monetary values. Collaboration between SP3 and SP5 will contribute to unravel which institutional factors determine the demand and values of material, non-material and regulating NCP. Finally, the indicators created through the surveys to assess the demand and values of NCP will be used in the models of SP7.