Biological aspects of soil buffer capacity against acidic precipitation

测定了土壤的酸缓冲能力和土壤微生物对土壤的贡献。土壤化学耐受性：土壤容量变化2-75cmol(+)kgt；-1。在土柱中加入酸后，淋洗水中的HCO3、Ca~(2+)和Si增加，而SO_2-(/)4&gt；减少。这些离子对酸缓冲容量的响应机制是：CO_2-(/)_3&Gt；-HCO_3，阳离子交换容量，矿物溶解，酸吸附。与其他酸一样，高氯酸对红壤的耐酸能力较强，因为高氯酸不会利用微生物。培养基中pH值：番茄和烟草提高pH值，茶叶和大麦降低pH值。当添加DCCD(以质子ATP酶为抑制剂)时，植物的pH没有降低。光照条件提高了大多数植物的pH。植物影响土壤的酸缓冲能力：在pH为3.3-3.7的沙柱上(栽培时为硝酸盐或硫酸盐)，当种植二茬大麦时，酸缓冲容量增加20-30mil/kg。就酸缓冲容量而言，番茄可小于两茬大麦。分析了柱淋洗水对植物的影响，HCO3对植物的影响增大，NO3被吸附。在受害植株中，K~+和NH_4~+表现较好。生长在大麦上的酸性土壤，pH升高，HCO3升高，NO_3降低。

Acid buffer capcities of soil to contribution of pants and soil microorganisms were following detected.1. Chemical soil tolerance : Soil varied 2-75 cmol (+) kg^<-1> capacities. Acid added to the soil column, then in leached water, HCO_3, Ca^<2+>, and Si increased, while SO_<2-(/)4> decreased. These ions response mechanisms of acid buffer capacities, which are CO_<2-(/)3>-HCO_3, cation exchange capacity, and mineral solublize, acid adsorbed. HCIO_4 as the other acids, was the strong acid capacity for the red soil, because HCIO_4 would not use microorganisms.2. pH in culturemedium : The pH was increased by tomato and tabacco, while decreased by tea and tow-lowed barley. When the added DCCD (inhibitors as proton ATP ase), plant did not decreased pH.Light condition increased pH in most plants.3. Plants affect soil acid buffers : Sand column to which pH 3.3-3.7 acid (nitrate or sulfate in culturesolution), when tow-lowed barley was grown then 20-30 mil/kg acid buffer increases.For acid buffer capacity, tomato could less than tow-lowed barley. Leached water from column was analyzes, plants affected by HCO_3 of increase and NO_3 of adsorbed. In the damaged plants, K^+ and NH_4^+ excelled. An acid soil grown on tow-lowed barley pH elevated with HCO_3 elevated and NO_3 decreased.