Simultaneous removal of nitrogen and non biodegradable substances in the treatment of leachate from sea-based solid waste disposal site

研究了驯化海洋硝化污泥对挥发性脂肪族氯代烃的生物降解能力。AMNS具有降解氯仿(CF)、三氯乙烯(TCE)、1，1，2-三氯乙烷(1，1，2-TCA)和1，1，2，2-四氯乙烷的能力，但不存在C-H键被氯原子高度取代的1，1，1-三氯乙烷和四氯乙烯(PCE)。AMNS降解CF、TCE、1，1，2-TCA和PCA需要氨水作为硝化菌的主要底物，在好氧条件下，AMNS也能降解四氯化碳(CT)，但AMNS絮体中厌氧部分的厌氧细菌也能降解四氯化碳(CT)。厌氧菌很容易完成CT的生物降解，厌氧菌广泛分布在各种细菌絮体中。根据微生物降解挥发性脂肪族氯代烃的生物降解性和对氨氮硝化的抑制作用，提出了4种微生物降解挥发性脂肪族氯代烃的分类。采用聚乙烯醇(PVA)制备的固定化AMNS颗粒，对海基固体废物处理场渗滤液进行了连续硝化处理实验，考察了磷酸三酯的去除规律。采用AMNS固定化颗粒对垃圾渗滤液进行连续硝化试验，可以有效去除溶解度较高的磷酸三(2-氯乙基)磷酸(TCEP)和三(3-氯丙基)磷酸(TCPP)。AMNS对这些磷酸三酯的生物降解是通过这些磷酸三酯在PVA微球上的部分吸附而发生的。

Biodegradation capabilities of acclimated marine nitrifying sludge (AMNS) for volatile aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons were experimentally investigated. AMNS had the capability to degrade chloroform (CF), trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,1,2-trichloroethane (1,1,2-TCA) and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane but had not 1,1,1-trichloroethane and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) whose C-H bonds were highly substituted by chlorine atoms. Ammonia, which is the main substrate for nitrifiers, was required for the degradation of CF,TCE,1,1,2-TCA and PCA by AMNS.Carbon tetrachloride (CT) was degraded by the AMNS even under aerobic condition, but was demonstrated to be degraded by the anaerobic bacteria which exist in the anaerobic portion of AMNS floc. CT biodegradation was readily accomplished by the anaerbic bacteria which are widely distributed in various kinds of bacterial flocs. Four types of classification for the microbial degradation of volatile aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbon were proposed based on their biodegradabilities and inhibitory effects on nitrification of AMNS.By using immobilized AMNS pellets which were prepared by polyvinylalcohol (PVA), continuous nitrification treatment experiments of leachate from a sea-based solid waste disposal site were carried out and the removal profiles of phosphoric acid triesters were investigated. Tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tris (3-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP), which have high water solubility, were effectively removed during the continuous nitrification experiments of leachate by AMNS immobilized pellets. Biodegradation of these phosphoric acid triesters by AMNS was demonstrated to occur with partial adsorption of these phosphoric acid triesters on PVA pellets.