Study on the abolition of 4 waterworks in Edo during Kyouhou reformation

1. 利用“玉川水井o-ezu”、“syoutokusuekorono水井zu”等图纸、江户平面图和历史文献，明确了4座废弃水厂（青山水井、三田水井、尖川水井、本代水井）的特点（建厂日期、供水面积、进水口截面等）。利用《Tokyo sisikou hensai-hen》、吉原江户灾情年表和池上关于江户消防系统的论文，对4个废弃水厂供水区域的灾情进行了考察。废除仙川七井的原因被认为是为了江户城堡的防火。废除本州的原因被认为是洪水。通过“Syoutoku-suekorono jyousui-zu”和“jyousui- ki”的比较，考察了黔后-源文时期Musasino山灌溉的发达程度。发达灌区的总进水口截面大于废弃灌区。发达的灌区位于3个废弃水厂的上游。大贺忠助在Musasino山的灌溉发展中发挥了重要作用。考察了九州室郎对江户消防的建议。“水厂=火灾的原因”的流行观点只是其中的一部分，其主要部分解释了废除江户城北部水厂的真正政策。大众的观点是通过“中次大夫的日本自来水厂历史纪念馆”、“东京自来水厂历史”和“日本旧自来水厂”形成的。

1. Characteristics (foundation date, water supply area, cross-section of intake, etc) of 4 abolished waterworks (Aoyama jyousui, Mita jyousui, Senkawa jyousui and Honjyo jyousui) are made clear by use of drawings such as "Tamagawa jyousui o-ezu", "Syoutoku-suekorono jyousui-zu" , etc, plans in Edo and historical literatures.2. Using "Tokyo sisikou hensai-hen" , Yosiwara's chronological table on the disaster in Edo, and Ikegami's paper on the fire protection system in Edo, disasters in the water supply area of the 4 abolished waterworks are investigated. The reason of the abolition of Senkawa jyousui is considered for the fire protection of Edo castle. The reason of the abolition of Honjyo jyousui is considered for flood.3. By the comparison between "Syoutoku-suekorono jyousui-zu" and "Jyousuiki" , the developed irrigations at Musasino hill during Kyouhou-Genbun period are investigated. Total cross-section of the intake of developed irrigations is larger than that of the abolished waterworks. The developed irrigations are located upper reach of 3 abolished waterworks. Tadasuke Ohoka playd an impotant role in the irrigation development at Musasino hill.4. The suggestion on the fire protection in Edo by Kyusou Muro is examined. The popular view, "waterworks =cause of fire", is only a part of the suggestion, and the main part of it explained the real policy to abolish the waterworks which exits nothern part of Edo castle. The popular view is created trough "Dr.Nakaji's memorial Japan history of waterworks", "History of Tokyo waterworks" and "Old waterworks in Japan".