In vivo assessment of the ω-3 fatty acid fraction using 1H MR imaging at 3 Tesla

ω-3脂肪酸属于哺乳动物无法合成的必需脂肪酸，因此必须通过饮食获得。ω-3脂肪酸的代谢引起了人们的高度关注，因为在代谢综合征的病理生理背景下，它的作用还没有完全被理解。以前研究ω-3脂肪酸在代谢综合征中的作用的研究主要是基于血液样本和活检，因此无法深入了解ω-3脂肪酸水平的潜在器官和组织特定模式。单体素1H磁共振波谱(MRS)和1H磁共振成像(MRI)是广泛使用的方法，允许无创性地在体内探测组织特征。虽然单体素MRS允许在非常有限的空间信息的基础上基于化学位移差异获取高光谱分辨率的信号，但MRI允许获得空间分辨信息，但由于光谱信息有限，需要先进的信号建模技术和先验知识来提取与化学位移相关的特征。在此之前，人们已经做了很多工作来提取甘油三酯的分布特征，这些特征用饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸的比例来描述脂肪酸的组成。目前的项目建议旨在超越现有的指标，不仅旨在成像饱和、单不饱和和多不饱和脂肪酸部分的比例，而且还评估ω-3脂肪酸的部分含量，以便进一步深入了解ω-3脂肪酸的代谢。

ω-3 fatty acids belong to the group of essential fatty acids that mammals cannot synthesize and therefore have to be obtained through diet. The metabolism of ω-3 fatty acids is of high interest as its role is not completely understood in the pathophysiological context of the metabolic syndrome. Previous studies investigating the effects of ω-3 fatty acids in the context of the metabolic syndrome were predominantly based on blood samples and biopsies and were therefore not able to gain insights in the potential organ and tissue specific patterns of ω-3 fatty acids levels. Single-voxel 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and 1H magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are widely available methods that allow the non-invasive in vivo probing of tissue characteristics. While single-voxel MRS allows to acquire signals with high spectral resolution based on their chemical shift differences with very limited spatial information, MRI allows to obtain spatially-resolved information but requires advanced signal modeling techniques and prior knowledge to extract chemical shift-related characteristics due to limited spectral information. Previously, there have been many efforts using MRI to extract the triglyceride profile characteristics which describe the fatty acid composition in terms of the fraction of saturated, mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fatty acids. The present project proposal is aiming for going beyond the existing metric aiming to image not only the fraction of saturated, mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fatty acid fractions but also to assess the fraction of ω-3 fatty acid content to allow further insights into the ω-3 fatty acid metabolism.