The system of biological production and ecological change in the huge lake promoted by the process of material loading and circulation of Lake Baikal

从2002年到2005.1，经过4年的研究，取得了以下科学成果。研究了巴尔古津湾和利斯特维扬卡近海的沉降通量组成和季节变化。从覆冰到解冻期间，活跃性生物生产的通量显著增加。对尿素的生物地球化学动力学进行了研究。尿素在地表水中的停留时间夏季为3-6天，冬季为560天。对浮游微藻的水平和垂直分布、营养状态、生产限制因子进行了研究。巴尔古津湾近海浮游生物丰度有所增加，但没有受到磷的限制。对浮游植物初级生产中的营养限制进行了研究。在贝加尔湖南部和中部，夏季第一限制营养物质被认为是磷而不是氮。溶解有机物的傅立叶变换…表征多离子回旋共振质谱仪。研究表明，白藻腐殖质可以不经变性带到近海海域。该地区产生了有机硫化合物等自体藻类有机质。研究了水生植物对磷的吸收和积累机制。在贝加尔湖和比瓦湖，它们的伊洛迪亚和埃格里亚的机制没有显示出明显的差异。对南部盆地滨海带附着藻类群落的现存量和光合作用生产进行了研究。群落生物量较高，尤以龙须草和龙须草为优势群落。在浅海近岸岩层上发育的藻席显示出很高的总光合作用速率。对巴尔古津湾的细菌、浮游植物和原生动物的垂直和水平丰度进行了研究。在近海，叶绿素a浓度与滤食性纤毛虫或食性纤毛虫的密度之间存在显著的相关性。对巴尔古津湾微藻浮游植物的丰度、生长和放牧损失率进行了调查。近岸和近岸海域浮游植物微生物食物网的丰度、组成和生态作用存在差异。2004年6~10月进行了水温长期监测。夏季，中南部盆地西海岸表层温度下降，降温幅度为10℃。提出了深湖水上涌的可能性。较少

We have got the following scientific results by our research for 4 years from 2002 to 2005.1. Composition and seasonal change of settling flux were examined in Barguzin Bay and off-shore area of Listvyanka. Significant increase of the flux by active biological production was observed from ice-covered to thawing periods of the lake.2. Bio-geochemical dynamics of urea was studied. Residence time of urea in the surface water was 3-6 days in summer, but was very long and 560 days in winter.3. Horizontal and vertical distributions, trophic state, production limiting factor of picophytoplankton was examined. Abundance of the plankton increased in off-shore area of Barguzin Bay, but was not under phosphorus limitation.4. Nutrient limitation in the primary production of phytoplankton was studied. In the southern and central Lake Baikal, the first limiting nutrient was thought to be phosphorus rather than nitrogen during summer.5. Dissolved organic matter was characterized with Fourier transfor … More m ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Alloctonus humic substances were elucidated to be brought to off-shore areas without denaturalization. Autochtonus organic matter, such as organic sulfur compounds, were produced in the area.6. Phosphate uptake and accumulation mechanisms of water plant were studied. Significant difference was not shown between their mechanisms of Elodea and Egeria in Lakes Baikal and Biwa.7. Standing crop and photosynthetic production of attached algal communities were studied at the littoral zone of the southern basin. High biomass were recorded especially in Ullothrix and Drapanaldiopsis dominated communities. The algal mat of Ullothrix developed on rocks on shallow near shore sites showed very high rate of gross photosynthesis.8. Vertical and horizontal abundance of bacteria, phytoplankton and protists were examined in Barguzin Bay. In off-shore, significant correlations were detected between concentrations of chlorophyll a and density of a filter feeding or raptorial ciliates.9. The abundance, growth and grazing loss rates of picophytoplankton were investigated in Barguzin Bay. There was a difference in the abundance, composition and ecological role in the microbial food web of picophytoplankton between the near-shore and the off-shore areas.10. Long time survey of water temperature was performed from June to October in 2004. Temperature decrease with 10℃ difference was observed at the same time in the surface layers on the western coasts of the central and southern basins in summer. Up-welling of deep lake water was suggested to occur. Less