Space Infrared Study of Evolution of Planetary Systems : from Disks to Planets

红外天文卫星IRAS发现了大约10颗具有远红外过剩的主序星，这引发了许多关于主序星周围星周尘埃盘（所谓碎片盘）的形成和演化的讨论。碎片盘被认为与行星系统的形成和演化有着密切的联系，目前的研究目标之一是大幅度增加碎片盘的观测数量，以便对碎片盘的演化进行统计研究。为此目的，我们一直在从事日本的红外天文卫星方案ASTROF。ASTROF于2006年2月成功发射，并开始了全天巡天观测，预计将为我们带来新的碎片盘目录。我们主要致力于有效观测的规划和全天巡天数据简化软件工具的开发，这两项工作对真实的观测都很有效，为了补充空间观测，我们还利用地面望远镜对碎片盘进行高分辨率观测。最重要的发现之一是β Pic周围行星存在的观测证据。我们还致力于开发恒星日冕仪，用于直接探测未来任务的系外行星。我们制作了一个特殊的二元形状的瞳孔，并实现了10^7的接触，这是一个世界纪录的合同没有波前控制。我们还研究了相位诱导振幅切趾日冕仪，以减小内工作角（IWG），这是一种重要的技术，可以探测靠近中心恒星的系外行星。

The infrared astronomical satellite IRAS found about 10 main sequence stars with far infrared excess, which invoked many discussions on the formation and evolution of circum-stellar dust disks (so-called debris disks) around main-sequence stars. The debris disks are believed to have strong connection with the formation and evolution on planetary systems.One of the objectives of the current research is to increase the number of observations of debris disks significantly, which could enable statistical study of evolution of debris disks. For this purpose, we had been working on a Japanese infrared astronomical satellite program ASTROF. ASTROF was launched successfully in February 2006, and started all-sky survey observations, which are expected to bring us a new catalog of debris disks. We mainly worked on the planning of effective observations and the development of data reduction software tools for the all sky survey, both of which worked effectively for real observations.To supplement space-borne observations, we also used ground-based telescopes for high-resolution observations of debris disks. One of the most important discoveries is the observational evidence for the presence of planets around beta Pic.We also worked on the development of stellar coronagraphs for the direct detection of exoplanets with future missions. We fabricated a special binary shaped pupil, and achieved a contact of 10^7, which was a world record of contract without wavefront control. We also worked on Phase-Induced Amplitude Apodization coronagraphs to reduce the inner working angle (IWG), which is an important technique to enable the detection of exoplanets close to central stars.