Basic Analysis of Economic Integration in East Asia & Legal Harmonization

研究的目的是探讨欧盟、北美自由贸易协定、南方共同市场、东盟的经济一体化与法律协调之间的关系，以及东亚实现法律协调的可能途径。欧盟从建立共同体之初就通过法律协调来实现经济一体化，并要求即使对新成员国也要达到高度的法律协调，作为加入欧盟的先决条件。南方共同市场也致力于法律协调，但实际上根本没有实现这一目标。北美自由贸易协定和东盟没有通过法律协调来实现经济一体化，这意味着经济一体化不一定需要制度协调。但经济一体化不仅促进了贸易量，还促进了对一体化市场的直接投资。要鼓励直接投资，必须发展经济法体系，作为一体化市场的基础设施。在亚洲，世界银行、亚行、开发计划署、捐助国官方发展援助组织等国际组织为实现这一目标提供法律技术援助。由于捐助组织之间的法律援助竞争，在受援国出现了不同法律制度的拼凑。这不仅造成外国人难以理解国家法律，而且也造成国民难以理解国家法律。我们必须研究法律拼凑对经济一体化的影响。

The purpose of research is to explore the relationship between economic integration and legal harmonization in EU, NAFTA, MERCOSUR, ASEAN and the possible way to achieve the legal harmonization in the East Asia.The finding of research is that an economic harmonization does not necessarily cause a legal harmonization. The EU oriented an economic integration through legal harmonization from the beginning of setting up the community and obliges the high degree of legal harmonization even on new member states as a prerequisite of EU accession. MERCOSUR also aims at legal harmonization but in the reality it is not achieved at all. NAFTA and ASEAN do not use legal harmonization to realize an economic integration.This means that economic integration does not necessarily need institutional harmonization. But economic integration boosts not only trade volume but also direct investments in the integrated market. To encourage direct investments, it is necessary to develop the economic law system as an infrastructure of integrated market. In Asia, legal technical assistances are provided to achieve this goal by international organizations like World Bank, ADB, UNDP, ODA organizations of donor countries. As a result of competition of legal assistances between donor organizations, patchwork of different legal systems in a recipient country is appearing. This causes a difficulty of understanding the national laws not only by foreigners but also by the nationals. We have to examine the effect of legal patchwork towards economic integration.