Development of a long-duration fright system using a super-pressure balloon

虽然科学气球因其灵活性和高性价比而被用于太空研究，但由于气球的气体体积缩小，在夜间会失去升力，因此飞行时间被限制在几天之内。众所周知，在气球内部保持正压的超压气球可以解决这个问题，尽管这种飞行器还没有实现。本次研究的目的是在以往基础研究的基础上研制出超压气球，并为未来的长时间飞行开发利用燃料电池的供电系统和卫星通信系统。通过三年的研究，我们得到了以下结果：研究了超压球囊的制造工艺，包括球囊与腱绳的连接方法、绳索对紫外线的屏蔽方法、生产误差的处理、顶点和最低点配件的研制、基于比例模型的评价方法和基于弹簧和颗粒法的数值模拟方法、串联球囊飞行环境下的试验方法。我们成功地证明了一个体积为2000 m^3的小型超压气球在飞行环境中承受超压的安全系数为10。我们研发了一套燃料电池供电系统，重量为40公斤，输出功率为100瓦，无需外部加湿器3。我们研究了INMALSAT BGAN作为候选卫星通信系统的特性

Although scientific balloons have been used for space researches due to their flexibility and high cost efficiency, the duration of the flights are limited to a few days, since balloons loose their lift at night due to the shrink of the gas volume. It is well known that the super-pressure balloon, which keeps the positive pressure inside the balloon, can solve this problem, though this vehicle has not yet realized. The purpose of this research is to develop this super-pressure balloon based on the previous fundamental studies and also to develop a power supply system using fuel cells and a satellite communication system for the coming long duration flights.Through the three years of the study, we obtained following results.1. We developed the manufacturing technique of the super-pressure balloon including the connection method of the gores and the tendon ropes, the shielding method for the rope against the ultraviolet light, the treatment of the production error, the development of the apex and nadir fittings, the evaluation method using scaled models and the numerical simulations based on the spring and particle method, and the test method at the flight environment using a tandem balloon flight. We successfully demonstrated that a small super-pressure balloon with a volume of 2,000m^3 can withstand the super pressure with a safety factor of 10 in the flight environment.2. We developed a power supply system using fuel cells with a weight of 40 kg and the output power of 100 W without external humidifiers3. We studied the properties of the INMALSAT BGAN as a satellite communication system candidate