Conflict Management and Legal Pluralism : Studies in Local Societies of South-East Asia and East Africa

这项研究为东南亚和东非法律多元化的历史发展提供了人类学和社会法律视角。以下五名研究人员深入研究了土著法律的文化构成、基层冲突管理的社会背景、移植法律对法律文化的各种影响、殖民和后殖民法律制度习惯法标准化的历史进程以及其他相关问题。本研究报告代表了四年项目取得的部分成果。宫本正郎的论文《马来西亚沙巴的土著法律和土著法院：槟榔屿加达赞的个案研究》探讨了嘉达赞土著法律的性质，并考察了沙巴土著法院的发展，重点是土著法院规则的标准化政策。清水正美的论文题为《文莱的法律文化：附特殊参考…《马来穆斯林村落的案件更多》通过观察文莱马来人偏爱协商一致、对抗性较少的纠纷解决方式，阐释了文莱马来人的法律文化。津上和美的论文《沙巴的本土法院系统：与国家法律的距离》比较了当地法律和移植的现代法律，认为在实施实体和程序规则时都应该认真考虑社会文化因素。森正美的论文《菲律宾南部巴拉望社会的多重法律秩序和法律实践案例研究》阐明了文化的影响，石田慎一郎题为“肯尼亚的土著法律：人类学研究”的论文阐述了各种法律代理人的作用，包括当地长老、年龄组、普通人以及官方法院，并探讨了正式法律制度与基层的联系。较少

This research provides anthropological and socio-legal perspectives on the historical development of legal pluralism in South-East Asia and East Africa. The following five researchers have carried out intensive research on the cultural makeup of indigenous laws, the social backgrounds of grass-root conflict management, the various influences of transplanted laws upon legal cultures, the historical process of customary-law standardisation in the colonial and post-colonial legal systems, and other related issues. The present research report represents part of the results obtained from the four-year project.Masaru Miyamoto's paper titled "Indigenous Law and Native Court in Sabah, Malaysia : A Case Study of the Penampang Kadazan" enquires into the nature of the Kadazan indigenous law, and examines the development of the Native Court in Sabah, focusing on the recent standardisation policy of the Native Court rules.Yoshimi Shimizu's paper titled "Legal Culture in Brunei : With Special Refere … More nce to the Cases from a Malay Muslim Village" interprets the Brunei Malay legal culture, through observation of their preference to consensual and less adversarial means of dispute resolution.Kazumichi Tsutsumi's paper titled "The Native Court System in Sabah : Distance from the National Law" compares the native law and the transplanted modern law, arguing that socio-cultural factors should seriously be taken in the administration of both substantive and procedural rules.Masami Mori's paper titled "Multiple Legal Orders and a Case Study of Legal Practices in a Southern Palawan Society in the Philippines" clarifies the influence of cultural, ethnic and religious factors in the practices of conflict management in southern Palawan.Shinichiro Ishida's paper titled "The Indigenous Law of the lgembe of Kenya : An Anthropological Study" illustrates the roles of various law agents including local elders, age-groups, ordinary people as well as official law court, and examines the connections of the formal legal systems to the grass roots. Less