Federal Integration and Advanced Reusing Technologies for Scientific and Technological Knowledge Resources including Retrieval and Computation Services

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Before this research project, there were no enabling technologies for the federal integration and reuse of knowledge resources to extract related knowledge fragments from knowledge resources over the Web, and to relate them for their federal integration into a new reusable knowledge resource. Users needed to manually make a copy of each output of a service and to put it into an input form of another service. Or otherwise, they needed to rely on Web Service technologies. In the latter case, API of the servers needs to be publicized and some programming effort is required, which may work for the definition of routine knowledge integration, but cannot work for ad hoc knowledge federation. Some services may graphically out put their results. There are increasing needs for the knowledge federation of services with 2D and 3D GUIs. This research aimed at the establishment of the generic technologies for the federal integration and advanced reuse of scientific and technological knowledge resou … More rces including the retrieval and computation services such as information retrieval, database, and simulation systems. In order to achieve this goal, we have developed the following 5 generic software technologies: (1) interactive extraction of related knowledge fragments over the Web into a tabular form, (2) federation and integration of extracted knowledge fragments, (3) federation and integration of extracted knowledge resources with legacy applications, (4) meta information description about the federation and integration capabilities, and automatic federation based on such descriptions, and (5) publication and distribution infrastructure for newly composed knowledge resources. The Web has mutually related knowledge resources embedded in Web pages as a list in a text or as inputs and outputs of the same web application. This project established a new technology to extract them as interoperable and mutually relatable resources. We proposed a new representation format named the knowledge media view to represent extracted knowledge resources and to federate them. For legacy applications with 2D and 3D GUIs, we have developed a new view integration technologies by extending the shadow copy technologies from those for the integration of 2D and 2D applications to those for the 2D and 3D applications integration and for the 3D and 3D application integration. We have related these technologies to the knowledge media view representation, and established the knowledge federation technologies between an arbitrary knowledge fragments extracted from the Web and an arbitrary legacy application. Less