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A study on the cloud formation and modification processes and numerical modeling of YAMASE clouds

山濑云的形成、修改过程及数值模拟研究

基本信息

批准号：
17204039
负责人：
ASANO Shoji
金额：
$ 31.53万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17204039/
关键词：
YAMASE clouds Numerical modeling of clouds Maritime Atmospheric Boundary Layer Shipboard cloud observation Aircraft measurement Satellite remote sensing Cloud formation processes Cloud parameterization

项目摘要

'Yamase' clouds are one of typical marine boundary-layer clouds, for which the present state-of-the-art performance of weather prediction models and general circulation models is not good enough to properly simulate. Yamase clouds frequently appear over the northwest Pacific region, east off the coast of the Sanriku district, in summer season under easterly cool winds blown out from Okhotsk anti-cyclones. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the formation and evolution processes and the microphysical and radiative properties of Yamase clouds through synthetic observations from such platforms as ship, aircraft, and satellites. The study also aims to improve the performance of numerical models for marine boundary-layer clouds by developing better cloud-parameterization.From the shipboard experiment, we could, for the first time, observe time-variation of the maritime boundary layer in a Yamase event from its beginning to ending. The observational data were used to validate the … More numerical simulations of the Yamase event. From the aircraft observation, we could obtain good in-situ data of microphysical properties of several low-level clouds, for which NOAA satellites observed simultaneously. We compared the cloud microphysical properties retrieved from the NOAA/AVHRR data with those from the aircraft observation. From the comparison, it is shown that the satellite remote sensing of cloud parameters from NOAA/AVHRR data could yield reasonable results. By means of the satellite remote sensing, we studied cloud macro-and micro-physical properties over a wide area of North western-Pacific region. By using these observational data, we analyzed the heat exchange between the sea surface and the atmosphere for Yamase cases and non-Yamase cases. The analysis revealed that the heat exchange along the sea surface and the atmosphere for Yamase cases and non-Yamase cases. The analysis revealed that the heat exchange along the air-mass trajectory plays an important role in formation and evolution of Yamase clouds. We have improved performance of the non-hydrostatic model used to simulate Yamase events by modifying the cloud-radiation and turbulence schemes as well as cloud-parameterizations. We have also developed a few efficient schemes of the 3-dimensional radiative transfer equation for inhomogeneous clouds. The results of the present study may cast a new light on the studies of marine boundary-layer clouds including Yamase clouds. Less

“山濑”云是一种典型的海洋边界层云，现有的天气预报模式和大气环流模式对它的模拟能力还不够。夏季，在鄂霍次克反气旋吹来的东风的作用下，三陆地区以东的西北太平洋地区经常出现山濑云。本研究的目的是通过船舶、飞机和卫星等平台的综合观测，阐明山濑云的形成和演变过程以及微物理和辐射特性。本研究还旨在通过发展更好的云参数化来提高海洋边界层云数值模式的性能。通过船上试验，我们可以首次观察到Yamase事件从开始到结束的海洋边界层的时间变化。观测数据被用来验证 ...更多信息山濑事件的数值模拟。通过飞机观测，我们可以获得较好的几个低空云微物理特性的现场数据，NOAA卫星对这些数据进行了同步观测。将NOAA/AVHRR资料反演的云微物理特征与飞机观测的云微物理特征进行了比较。结果表明，利用NOAA/AVHRR资料进行云参数的卫星遥感，可以得到较好的结果。利用卫星遥感技术，对西北太平洋大范围云的宏微观物理特征进行了研究。利用这些观测资料，我们分析了Yamase情况和非Yamase情况下的海-气热交换。分析表明，无论是山濑事件还是非山濑事件，海洋表面和大气表面都存在沿着热交换。分析表明，沿气团运动轨迹的沿着热交换对山濑云的形成和发展起着重要作用。我们通过修改云辐射和湍流方案以及云参数化，改进了用于模拟山濑事件的非静力模式的性能。我们还发展了几种有效的非均匀云三维辐射传输方程格式。本文的研究结果对包括山濑云在内的海洋边界层云的研究有一定的参考价值。少