Diversity of woody species at landscape levels in relation to forest dynamics at local scales

我们模拟了土地利用模式的变化对景观中未来物种组成的影响。假设有三种情况：(1)严格保护残留的天然林，(2)使用次生林生产木炭，(3)与目前相同的土地利用模式。有人建议，残留林将有助于防止物种灭绝，从而在景观层面上带来更大的物种多样性。弹性分析表明有两类树种：(A)大树弹性较大的树种，(B)苗木和幼树弹性较大的树种。A组物种通过保护某一景观内某一区域的天然林而逃脱灭绝。因此，保护天然林将有效地在景观层面上保持物种多样性。

We simulated the effects of change in land use patterns on future species composition within a landscape. Three scenarios were assumed : (1) strictly preserving remnant natural forest, (2) using secondary forests for charcoal production, and (3) the same patterns of land use as it is. It was suggested that the remnant forest will contribute to prevent species extinction, resulting in greater species diversity at a landscape level. Elasticity analyses suggested two types of species: (A) species with greater elasticity of larger trees, and (B) species with greater elasticity of seedlings and saplings. Species of the group A were shown to escape extinction by preserving natural forest of certain area within a landscape. Thus, preservation of natural forests will be effective to maintain species diversity at a landscape level.