A study regarding the structure to establish and maintain extracurricular sport activities in Japan : focusing on voluntary willingness of Japanese teacher

在日本，教师不仅在课堂上教学生，而且还在课堂外管理课外体育活动。这种课外体育活动制度是日本学校教育的一个显著特点。这种制度依赖于教师的自律。那么，为什么日本教师自愿维持这一制度呢？本研究的目的是通过对日本教师自愿参加课外体育活动的意愿的研究，阐明日本课外体育活动体系是如何建立和维持的。为了达到这一目的，本研究试图：1）通过实地考察的方式，在公立初中考察教师愿意管理课外体育活动的原因; 2）通过描述战后日本课外体育活动的历史，考察日本教师需要体育的原因。

In Japan, teachers not only teach students inside the classroom, but also manage extracurricular sport activities outside the classroom. This system of extracurricular sport activities is a distinctive feature of school education in Japan. This system is dependent on teachers' voluntarism. Then, why do Japanese teachers voluntarily sustain the system? The aim of this study was to clarify how the system of extracurricular sport activities in Japan were established and maintained by focusing on voluntary willingness of Japanese teacher. In order to achieve the aim, this study tried 1) to examine why teachers were willing to manage extracurricular sport activities through fieldwork at a public junior high school, and 2) to examine why Japanese teachers have needed sport through describing the postwar history of extracurricular sport activities in Japan.