Laser system for Quantum Gas Microscopy of dynamical gauge fields with Yb atoms

用于 Yb 原子动态规范场量子气体显微镜的激光系统

• 批准号: 452143298
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Major Research Instrumentation
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/452143298?language=en
• 关键词: Laser; system; Quantum; Gas; Microscopy

Quantum Gas Microscopes for ultracold atoms in optical lattices have been remarkably successful in simulating important condensed matter models, in particular, by making use of the precise experimental control of the model parameters. In combination with gauge fields, more precisely dynamical gauge fields, the previously demonstrated experimental concepts could be generalized to simulate lattice gauge theories, which play an important role in describing many phenomena in quantum electrodynamics or high-energy physics. Lattice gauge theories require the realization of local symmetries, which up to know hinder successful implementations of such theories in large systems. With this experiment we plan to develop a novel lattice setup that offers a local control of tunnel couplings, which are the basis for a scheme to realize U(1) lattice gauge theories, where matter and gauge-field degrees of freedom can be implemented with a single fermionic species.The complete system consists of four main parts: 1) In order to achieve fast cycle times for quantum simulation, we plan to implement a fast and robust optical transport using a running-wave geometry. The potential will be realized with low-noise high-frequency lasers at 1064nm, which can also be used for optical dipole traps. Fast cycle times are essential for measurements of higher-order correlation functions, which require extremely high statistics. At the same time, short cycle times are beneficial, when it comes to minimizing unwanted drifts of fluctuations in the experiment and therefore offer a more reliable data taking. 2) The experimental technique for the local control of tunnel couplings is based on a special state-dependent lattice, which in addition will be used for single-site resolved imaging. To reach the required lattice depths we will use a Ti:Sa Lasersystem at 760nm. 3) To obtain detailed information about the internal-state and density distribution of the cold fermions in the lattice we plan to install a vertical superlattice at 1064nm and 532nm, which allows for an observation of the spin- and density distribution of the many-body state using topological spin pumping. 4) In order to control the frequency of the different lasers used for the state-dependent potentials, a wave meter with good absolute accuracy is needed. This allows us to stabilize the laser frequency and therefore keep the state-dependent potential constant for long times.The planned experimental setup will offer for the first time a local control of tunnel couplings in a large lattice systems. This is an ideal starting point for the implementation of local symmetries and hence lattice gauge theories. A successful realization of this scheme constitutes a unique opportunity to extend quantum simulations of many-body systems to other research areas, such as high-energy physics.

用于光学晶格中超冷原子的量子气体显微镜在模拟重要的凝聚态模型方面取得了显著的成功，特别是通过利用对模型参数的精确实验控制。与规范场、更精确的动态规范场相结合，可以将以前的实验概念推广到模拟格点规范理论，它在描述量子电动力学或高能物理中的许多现象中起着重要的作用。格点规范理论需要实现局域对称性，但目前所知的局域对称性阻碍了此类理论在大系统中的成功实现。通过这个实验，我们计划开发一种新的晶格结构，提供对隧道耦合的局域控制，这是实现U(1)晶格规范理论的基础，其中物质和规范场的自由度可以用单一的费米子物种来实现。完整的系统由四个主要部分组成：1)为了实现快速的量子模拟周期，我们计划使用行波几何来实现快速和健壮的光学传输。这一潜力将通过1064 nm的低噪声高频激光器实现，这种激光器也可以用于光学偶极陷阱。快速的周期时间对于测量需要极高统计量的高阶相关函数是必不可少的。同时，在减少实验中不必要的波动漂移方面，较短的周期时间是有益的，因此提供了更可靠的数据采集。2)隧道耦合局域控制的实验技术是基于一种特殊的状态相关晶格，该晶格可用于单点分辨成像。为了达到所需的晶格深度，我们将使用760 nm的Ti：Sa激光系统。3)为了获得关于晶格中冷费米子的内态和密度分布的详细信息，我们计划在1064 nm和532 nm处安装一个垂直超晶格，它允许使用拓扑自旋泵浦来观察多体状态的自旋和密度分布。4)为了控制用于状态相关势的不同激光器的频率，需要一台具有良好绝对精度的波长计。这使我们能够稳定激光频率，从而使依赖于状态的势能长期保持恒定。计划中的实验装置将首次提供对大晶格系统中隧道耦合的局域控制。这是实现局部对称性和格点规范理论的理想起点。这一方案的成功实现为将多体系统的量子模拟扩展到其他研究领域，如高能物理提供了一个独特的机会。