Evolution and Formation of Super massive Black Hole by Multi-scale Theoretical Model

为了理解超大质量黑洞（SMBHs）的演化和形成，将星系尺度的质量吸积过程与中心黑洞附近吸积盘的质量吸积过程联系起来至关重要。为此，我们建立了一个新的活动星系核（agn）和环核盘的演化模型，考虑了来自宿主星系的气体燃料。因此，我们发现SMBH的最终质量强烈依赖于宿主星系的质量供应周期，并且随着SMBH的质量较小，AGN活动变得间歇性。此外，只有当黑洞生长的时间尺度与宿主提供的质量尺度相当时，假设星系凸起的质量与星系提供的质量成正比，SMBH-bulge质量比的演化才可能是恒定的。这可能与SMBHs和星系凸起的宇宙演化有关。

To understand the evolution and formation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs), it is crucial to link mass accretion processes from a galactic scale with those from an accretion disk in the vicinity of a central BH. To this aim, we have constructed a novel evolutionary model of Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and circumnuclear disk, considering the gas fueling from host galaxies. As a result, we found that the final mass of SMBHs strongly depends on a period of mass supply from a host galaxy, and the AGN activity becomes intermit, as the mass of SMBH is smaller. Moreover, the evolution of SMBH-bulge mass ratio could be constant only if the timescale of BH growth is comparable to that of mass supply from hosts, assuming that the mass of galactic bulge is proportional to the mass supplied from galaxies. This would be linked to the cosmological evolution of SMBHs and galactic bulges.