Research on the Effects of Olfactory and Taste Decrease in Dementia on BPSD and Life Functions

痴呆患者嗅觉和味觉下降对 BPSD 和生活功能影响的研究

• 批准号: 22K21160
• 负责人: 中島 龍彦
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Takarazuka University of Medical and Health Care
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2022-08-31 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22K21160/
• 关键词: 嗅覚機能; 認知機能; BPSD; 介護負担感; 地域在住; 嗅覚・味覚機能; 認知症高齢者; 生活支援マニュアル

「認知症の嗅覚・味覚の低下がBPSD及び生活機能に与える影響」研究１の目的として，重度認知症患者デイケア及び通所リハビリテーション，デイサービスを利用する認知症高齢者・MCI者を対象とし，嗅覚・味覚，BPSD及び生活機能の影響を分析し，認知機能の重症度別の特徴を明らかにする．対象施設については，単一施設での研究では対象症例に偏りが出る場合があるが，多施設共同研究では対象症例の偏りを回避できるため全国の多施設とした．また，本研究に協力が得られた施設での介入と限定した．対象施設には、5～10名の対象者数を振り分けして介入した．2022年度の研究成果として，対象者24名（対象施設4施設）に対して，嗅覚検査（カード型嗅覚同定検査、日常のにおいアンケート），BPSD検査（DBD28），認知機能検査（MMSE）を実施した．結果，認知機能低下が認められた対象者は，日常のにおいアンケートにおけるにおいの自覚率は高いが，カード型嗅覚同定検査（OE）では，正答率が低下し乖離が生じている．握力に関しては，認知機能低下での影響は24名では認められていない．研究2の目的として，認知症高齢者等の嗅覚低下とBPSD及び生活機能との文献研究を行い，認知症の嗅覚機能の研究とリハビリテーション臨床研究の関連を検討する．2022年度の研究成果として，認知症の嗅覚機能研究の10文献をアブストラクトテーブルに要約した．要約結果，嗅覚機能は加齢と共に低下し，認知機能の低下が生じるMCIから嗅覚が低下する．また，認知機能と嗅覚機能は関連し，ADLおよびIADL面では，食事，安全面，衛生面での困難さを生じることが明らかになった．

Objective of Study 1: To analyze the effects of decreased olfactory and taste on BPSD and life functions in patients with severe cognitive disorder, and to clarify the characteristics of severity of cognitive function. In the case of a single project, the study of a single project will be conducted in the case of a single project. In the case of a multi-project joint study, the study of a single project will be conducted in the case of a single project. This study was conducted in collaboration with the authors and the authors. 5 - 10 subjects were selected for the study. 24 subjects (4 subjects) were selected for the 2022 study. The olfactory test (type olfactory test, daily test), BPSD test (DBD28) and cognitive function test (MMSE) were conducted. As a result, cognitive function was lower in those with cognitive impairment than in those with cognitive impairment, and the self-esteem rate was higher in those with cognitive impairment than in those with cognitive impairment. The positive response rate was lower in those with cognitive impairment than in those with cognitive impairment. Grip strength is related to cognitive dysfunction, and cognitive dysfunction is affected by cognitive dysfunction in 24 patients. Objective of Study 2: To explore the relationship between olfactory depression, BPSD and life function in patients with cognitive disorders. Results of 2022: To explore the relationship between olfactory depression, BPSD and life function in patients with cognitive disorders. As a result, olfactory function was increased and decreased, cognitive function was decreased, MCI was decreased, olfactory function was decreased. Cognitive function and olfactory function are related, ADL and IADL are related, food is related, safety is related, hygiene is related, difficulties are related.