Influences of socioeconomic disparities between schools and between regions on students' learning choices and behaviors

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This project produces six peer reviewed journal articles using multilevel modeling techniques. Empirical investigations of PISA data reveal the relationship between high school tracking structure of Japan and students' learning choices and behaviors. In addition, a comparative study using TIMSS data shows how school systems relate to eighth grade students' behaviors in the United States and Japan. Finally, the other study with TIMSS data indicates a socioeconomic disparity between schools and its relation with teachers' expectations for students' achievement in Japanese compulsory education.