Observations of Cloud Convections and Inertio-Gravity Waves

云对流和惯性重力波的观测

• 批准号: 10440133
• 负责人: YAMAKA Manabu
• 金额: $ 8.58万
• 依托单位: KOBE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10440133/
• 关键词: Cloud convection; Inertio-gravity wave; GPS rawinsonde; Monsoon; Boundary-layer radar; Quasi-biennial oscillation; El nino southern oscillation; Climate change

The objective of this three-year research is to study could convections, inertio-gravity waves and their interactions, based on observations and data collections in Japan, Thailand and Indonesia.In order to obtain high-resolution vertical profiles of wind and temperataure, a transportable GPS rawinsonde system has been installed. Time and spatial variations have been separated by simultaneous rawinsonde-radar observations at radar sites such as Shigaraki. Japan and Serpong and Kototabang Indonesia. Furthermore, operational rawinsonde data in Japan, Thailand and Indonesia have been collected, and objective analysis data by JMA and NOAA haver been used for comparison. All the observational data have been analized climatologically. Wave parameters and convection activities have been obtained quantitatively as functions of season, altitude, (latitude, longitude.) and background meteorological parameters (varied with synoptic-scale disturbances and monsoon circulations).Technologically, we have established the rawinsonde observations as a useful method for inertiogravity waves although the wind fluctuation amplitude is somewhat attenuated. Applying this technique to operational rawinsonde data, we have found that waves induced by orography of eastern Japan produce a maximum of inertio-gravity waves in the lower stratosphere in winter, and day-to-day and interannual variations associated with those of troposphere. Convective cloud activities and inertio-gravity wave activities have been studied and compared with each other also for Baiu season. In tropics, correlations between waves with periods of a few days to about ten days and precipitating convective clouds have been found. Correlations between gravity-wave activity, convective cloud activity and background wind and temperature have been recognized also in a quasi-biennial time-scale both in Japan and tropics.

这项为期三年的研究的目的是根据在日本、泰国和印度尼西亚的观测和数据收集，研究对流、惯性重力波及其相互作用，为了获得风和温度的高分辨率垂直廓线，安装了一个可移动的全球定位系统探空仪系统。通过在Shigaraki等雷达站同时进行无线电探空仪和雷达观测，将时间和空间变化分开。日本和Serpong和Kototabang印度尼西亚。此外，还收集了日本、泰国和印度尼西亚的实际探空数据，并利用日本气象厅和美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）哈弗的客观分析数据进行了比较。所有观测资料都作了气候分析。定量地得到了波动参数和对流活动随季节、高度、纬度、经度的变化关系。和背景气象参数（随天气尺度扰动和季风环流而变化），在技术上，我们建立了探空仪观测惯性重力波的有效方法，尽管风脉动幅度有所衰减。将这种技术应用于实际雷达数据，我们发现日本东部地形引起的波在冬季平流层下部产生最大惯性重力波，并且存在与对流层相关的逐日和年际变化。对流云活动和惯性重力波活动也在白乌季节进行了研究和比较。在热带地区，几天到十天左右的周期波动与降水对流云之间存在着相关关系，在日本和热带地区，重力波活动、对流云活动与背景风和温度之间也存在着准两年时间尺度的相关关系。

项目成果

I.Widiyatmi, H.Hashiguchi, M.D.Yamanaka et al.: "Quasi-four-day mode in wind and rainfall variations over Serpong, Indonesia (6°S.107°E) in rainy seasons during 1992-95"J.Meteor.Soc.Japan.. 77. 1177-1184 (1999)

I.Widiyatmi、H.Hashiguchi、M.D.Yamanaka 等人：“1992-95 年雨季印度尼西亚塞尔蓬 (6°S.107°E) 的风和降雨变化的准四天模式”J.Meteor .日本社会.. 77. 1177-1184 (1999)

Y.Shibagaki: "Three-dimensional circulation associated with precipitating clouds near the Baiu front observed by the MU and meteorological radars" J.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 77(印刷中). (1999)

Y.Shibagaki：“与 MU 和气象雷达观测到的 Baiu 锋面附近的降水云有关的三维环流”J.Meteor.Soc.Japan 77（出版中）。

Y.Shibagaki: "Meso-β to-γ-scale circulation associated with precipitating clouds near the Baiu front observed by the MU and meteorological radars"J.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 78. 69-91 (2000)

Y.Shibagaki：“通过 MU 和气象雷达观测到的与 Baiu 锋面附近的降水云相关的中观 β 到 γ 尺度环流”J.Meteor.Soc.Japan 78. 69-91 (2000)。

F.Murata, M.D.Yamanaka, S.-Y.Ogino, H.Hashiguchi et al.: "Relationship between wind and precipitation observed with a UHF radar, GPS rawinsonde and surface meteorological instruments at Kototabang. West Sumatera during September-October 1998"J.Meteor.Soc.

F.Murata、M.D.Yamanaka、S.-Y.Ogino、H.Hashiguchi 等人：“1998 年 9 月至 10 月期间在西苏门答腊 Kototabang 使用 UHF 雷达、GPS rawinsonde 和地面气象仪器观测到的风与降水之间的关系”

S.-Y.Ogino: "Interannual and day-to-day variations of gravity wave activity in the lower strato-sphere over Akita,Japan (40N,140E) observed in winter during 1989-95" J.Meteor.Soc.Japan. 77(印刷中). (1999)

S.-Y.Ogino：“1989-95 年冬季观测到的日本秋田平流层下层重力波活动的年际变化和每日变化（北纬 40 度，东经 140 度）”J.Meteor.Soc.Japan 77（正在出版）（1999）。