Legal history of the "Reichsland Elsass-Lothringen"

“阿尔萨斯-洛林帝国”的法律史

• 批准号: 456112356
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Martin Löhnig
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für BR, Deutsche und Europäische Rechtsgeschichte und Kirchenrecht
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/456112356?language=en
• 关键词: Legal; history; Reichsland; Elsass; Lothringen

The Franco-German border region, regardless of where the border ran, was a hybrid region even in modern times, characterised not only by multilingualism, polyconfessionalism and multiple loyalties and identities, but also by legal-cultural exchange and legal plurality; it also served as a laboratory for testing new models. After 1815, French law continued to apply as Baden or Rhenish law in several member states of the German Confederation and had a considerable influence on the development of law in these states, while conversely, the discussion of German civil law with the Code Civil was widely received in France. However, this only addresses one, well-researched side of these processes. The other side, which had not yet been researched, concerns the introduction and validity of German law in the "Reichsland Elsass-Lothringen" (1871-1918) and in Eastern France up to the present day. This desideratum has now been partially fulfilled: For the first time, the research project funded by the DFG examined the emergence of the legal system of the "Reichsland" and its continued existence beyond 1918 as droit local, the institutions and persons involved in the application of this law, and (as an example) the practice of the courts of the Reichsland and the Reichsoberhandelsgericht, which had replaced the Cour de Cassation as the Court of Cassation. In the second phase of the research project, the political and legal administration of Alsace-Lorraine from 1871-1918 will be examined comprehensively for the first time against the backdrop of the concept of the "restoration" of this territory as a German sub-region. In addition, there will be a comprehensive analysis of first-instance jurisprudence, which will extend beyond the threshold of 1918 and above all focus on the situation of French-German families. Finally, based on the analysis of the droit local, a comparison will be made with northern Italy (especially South Tyrol/Trentino), where a mixed legal system with its own legal culture is likely to have emerged after 1918.

法德边境地区，无论边界在哪里，即使在现代也是一个混合地区，其特点不仅是多语言、多教派、多种忠诚和身份，而且还具有法律文化交流和法律多元化；它还充当了测试新车型的实验室。1815年后，法国法继续以巴登法或莱茵法的形式在德意志邦联的几个成员国中适用，并对这些国家的法律发展产生了相当大的影响，而相反，德国民法与民法典的讨论在法国得到了广泛接受。然而，这只是解决了这些过程中一个经过充分研究的方面。另一方面，尚未研究的是德国法律在“埃尔萨斯-洛林帝国”（1871-1918）和法国东部至今的引入和有效性。这一愿望现在已部分实现：由德国联邦政府资助的研究项目第一次审查了“德意志帝国”法律制度的出现及其在1918年以后作为地方法律继续存在的情况、参与适用这一法律的机构和人员，以及（作为一个例子）德意志帝国法院和德意志帝国法院的做法，它们已取代最高上诉法院成为最高上诉法院。在研究项目的第二阶段，阿尔萨斯-洛林从1871年至1918年的政治和法律管理将首次在该领土作为德国次区域“恢复”概念的背景下进行全面审查。此外，还将对初审法理学进行全面分析，这将超越1918年的门槛，并首先侧重于法德家庭的情况。最后，在对当地权利分析的基础上，与意大利北部（特别是南蒂罗尔/特伦蒂诺）进行比较，那里在1918年之后很可能出现了具有自己法律文化的混合法律体系。