Fundamental research on the conservation for coral and coral reef communities

在非珊瑚礁地区天草，2月份的最低海水温度在过去50年里逐渐上升。海藻床在其栖息地中逐渐减少，而珊瑚和与珊瑚礁相关的鱼类，即所谓的“热带”或“亚热带”成分，在空的水下岩石礁中反而增加，特别是在1995年之后。在1998年全球范围的珊瑚白化事件之后，冲绳本岛周围珊瑚礁中约90%的活珊瑚消失了。小雪子1号幼珊瑚沉降量较白化事件前明显减少。安全定居的幼珊瑚也在几年内被棘冠海星（Acanthaster planci）攻击而死亡。珊瑚的数量似乎很难恢复，尤其是鹿角珊瑚。在Kerama群岛，作为珊瑚幼虫的资源，没有遭受珊瑚白化事件的珊瑚死亡率如此之高，因为a . pla的捕食……更多的是，现在似乎也是紧急情况。在1998年的珊瑚白化事件中，大部分珊瑚幸存下来，而在2001年的另一次珊瑚白化事件中，10-20%的Acropora物种死亡。由于全球蠕虫的影响，关成潟湖夏季海水温度经常达到30℃，珊瑚白化成为“常事”。可能是由于珊瑚白化的严重影响，虫黄藻的光合活性低于正常水平，生长速度低于天草，只有十年前的一半。在1998年以前，关井潟湖的幼珊瑚沉降密度也低于雪子湖1号的幼珊瑚密度。在2002年还观察到A.普朗奇的泻湖之后，它就会焦虑地“爆发”海星。人们担心，如果目前的情况得不到改善，这些珊瑚礁里的活珊瑚将在不久的将来消失。在前人研究成果的基础上，研制了一种修复被破坏珊瑚礁的陶瓷仪器。利用该陶瓷进行初步实验，取得了良好的预期效果。我们打算从几个角度对陶瓷进行评价和修正，以建立有效的方法来恢复珊瑚群落和珊瑚礁。少

In the non-coral reef area, Amakusa, the lowest seawater temperatures in February were gradually coming up in these past 50 years. Seaweed beds were gradually decreasing in their habitats and corals and fishes associating coral reefs, so called "tropical" of "subtropical" components, were conversely increasing in the empty underwater-rock reefs especially after 1995.After the world-wide events of coral bleaching in 1998, about 90% of living corals disappeared in the coral reefs around Okinawa Main Island. As to Sesoko I., settlement of juvenile corals is much less than that before the coral bleaching event. Juvenile corals safely settled were also died within a few years by the attack of crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster planci). It seems hardly to recover the population of corals, especially in Acropora species. In Kerama Islands as a resource of coral larvae, mortality rates of corals, which had not suffer the coral bleaching events, are so high because of the predation by A. pla … More nci, and it seems also emergent conditions still now. While, in Sekisei Lagoon where most of corals survived through the coral bleaching event in 1998, another coral bleaching event was observed in 2001 and 10-20% of Acropora species died. Because of the effect of global worming, the seawater temperature in Sekisei Lagoon frequently reached to 30℃ in summer, the coral bleaching becomes into "common event". Perhaps, because of the severe effects by the coral bleaching, the photosynthetic activity of zooxanthella is lower than normal and the growth rate is lower than that in Amakusa and is only the half of the growth rate in ten years ago. The settlement of juvenile corals is also lower in Sekisei Lagoon than the density of juvenile corals in Sesoko I. Before 1998. A. planci was also observed in the lagoon after 2002, it will be anxious about the "outbreak" of the sea star. There is a fear that the living corals in these reefs will disappear in the near future, if there is no improve in the present conditions.A ceramic instrument was developed based on former results of researches for recovering coral reefs destroyed. The preliminary experiments using the ceramics could obtain good and expected results. We are intending to evaluate and revise the ceramics from several viewpoints for establishing the effective method to recover the coral community and coral reefs. Less