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An ultrahigh-pressure apparatus based on high presure produced by constraining thermal expansion and its application

一种基于约束热膨胀产生高压的超高压装置及其应用

基本信息

批准号：
11490032
负责人：
KAWASHIMA Yasushi
金额：
$ 8.9万
依托单位：
TOKAI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A method of producing ultrahigh pressures to several hundred gigapascals by constraining thermal expansion is investigated taking into account its application. In this method, high pressure is generated by applying pulse laser light to a sample compressed with transparent anvils. The generated ultrahigh pressures are measured by the ruby R-line fluorescence method. In order to avoid direct light radiated from high-temperature region that prevents the measurement of the R-line fluorescence, opaque solid materials are used as pressure medium and a ruby crystal for the pressure measurement is placed on the pressure face of the anvil opposite to that irradiated by pulse laser light. An optical instrument for adjusting the position and the diameter of the illuminated spot to those of the sample is proposed which enable one to apply the light to the sample without giving damage to the anvil. The results are as follows :R_1 fluorescence light of ruby which contains wavelengths emitted from ruby under a pressure of 1 Tpa is observed when a graphite sample compressed with sapphire anvils is irradiated by a pulse laser light with a energy of 1 J ;A part of the graphite sample is shown to be heated up to temperatures above 3200 ℃ in terms of the radiation spectrum measurement;The temperature distribution calculated on the basis of the above experimental results shows that the graphite sample includes a relatively large region beyond 4000 ℃ of which the greater part is considered to be evaporated ; andthe duration of several hundred gigapascals generated in the apparatus is several orders in magnitude longer than those of all other conventional shock compression method. The ultrahigh-pressure apparatus using sapphire anvils will be a powerful tool for industrial production because a large sapphire crystal is easy to make.

考虑到其应用，研究了通过限制热膨胀产生几百吉帕的超高压的方法。在该方法中，通过向用透明砧压缩的样品施加脉冲激光来产生高压。用红宝石R线荧光法测量了所产生的压强。为了避免从高温区域辐射的直接光，这会妨碍R线荧光的测量，使用不透明的固体材料作为压力介质，并且将用于压力测量的红宝石晶体放置在与脉冲激光照射的压力面相对的压砧压力面上。提出了一种用于将照明斑点的位置和直径调整到样品位置和直径的光学仪器，该仪器使人们能够将光施加到样品上而不会损坏铁砧。结果表明：用能量为1 J的脉冲激光辐照蓝宝石压砧的石墨样品，观察到红宝石的R_1荧光，其中含有红宝石在1 Tpa压力下发出的波长，辐射光谱测量表明部分石墨样品被加热到3200 ℃以上;在上述实验结果的基础上计算的温度分布表明，石墨样品包括一个相对较大的区域，在4000 ℃时，大部分被蒸发，产生几百吉帕的持续时间比其它常规冲击压缩方法长几个数量级。采用蓝宝石顶砧的超高压装置由于易于制作大尺寸蓝宝石晶体，将成为工业生产的有力工具。