Investigation of reproduction and lactation strategies, ecological features and body pollutants of marine mammals in Arctic area

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Project reports: Fukui, Tsubota, Urashima, Tetsuka and Sasaki visited Zoological Museum of Oslo University, Norwegian Polar Institute, Svalbard University and Tromso University, and discussed with the scientists there on the pollutants in wild seals and bears, reproduction strategies of whales and bears as well as on lactation strategies of many mammalian species. Sasaki anatomized polar foxes and polar bears in Oslo University, and Tetsuka searched PCB pollution in polar bears and Arctic seals. Dr. O. Oftedal of Smithonian Institute had a lecture on "the origin and early evolution of lactation", and Dr. O. Abe of Rikkyo University had told about "topics of environmental education" in Obihiro University. Fukui, Tsubota, Urashima, Tetsuka, Sasaki, Nakamura, Abe and Ishikawa of Japanese Cetacean Institute told on their research fruits in a workshop on life of wild animals and earth environment.Research reports: Fukui determined the sex hormone levels in serum of Minke whales and Bryde's whales in the feeding periods in order to clarify their reproduction physiology of wild baleen whales, and discussed on their relationships to histological observations in seminiferous tubules. Tsubota collected dog and Japanese black bear sperms and kept them in freezing, and determined the steroid hormone levels in their feces for the purpose to perform artificial reproduction of wild mammals. Sasaki anatomatically observed the chewing muscle structure and head bone shape of polar foxes in order to analyze the chewing muscle function. Urashima analyzed the sugar compositions of polar bear colostrum and mature milk, and found the difference of the predominant saccharides between them. He also studied the chemical structures of bearded seal milk oligosaccharides. Nakamura analyzed the general compositions, protein compositions, fatty acid compositions, sugar compositions and mineral compositions of giant panda milk.