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Investigation of reproduction and lactation strategies, ecological features and body pollutants of marine mammals in Arctic area

北极地区海洋哺乳动物繁殖泌乳策略、生态特征及体内污染物调查

基本信息

批准号：
13575026
负责人：
FUKUI Yutaka
金额：
$ 7.36万
依托单位：
Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Project reports: Fukui, Tsubota, Urashima, Tetsuka and Sasaki visited Zoological Museum of Oslo University, Norwegian Polar Institute, Svalbard University and Tromso University, and discussed with the scientists there on the pollutants in wild seals and bears, reproduction strategies of whales and bears as well as on lactation strategies of many mammalian species. Sasaki anatomized polar foxes and polar bears in Oslo University, and Tetsuka searched PCB pollution in polar bears and Arctic seals. Dr. O. Oftedal of Smithonian Institute had a lecture on "the origin and early evolution of lactation", and Dr. O. Abe of Rikkyo University had told about "topics of environmental education" in Obihiro University. Fukui, Tsubota, Urashima, Tetsuka, Sasaki, Nakamura, Abe and Ishikawa of Japanese Cetacean Institute told on their research fruits in a workshop on life of wild animals and earth environment.Research reports: Fukui determined the sex hormone levels in serum of Minke whales and Bryde's whales in the feeding periods in order to clarify their reproduction physiology of wild baleen whales, and discussed on their relationships to histological observations in seminiferous tubules. Tsubota collected dog and Japanese black bear sperms and kept them in freezing, and determined the steroid hormone levels in their feces for the purpose to perform artificial reproduction of wild mammals. Sasaki anatomatically observed the chewing muscle structure and head bone shape of polar foxes in order to analyze the chewing muscle function. Urashima analyzed the sugar compositions of polar bear colostrum and mature milk, and found the difference of the predominant saccharides between them. He also studied the chemical structures of bearded seal milk oligosaccharides. Nakamura analyzed the general compositions, protein compositions, fatty acid compositions, sugar compositions and mineral compositions of giant panda milk.

项目报告：福井、坪田、浦岛、铁冢、佐佐木等参观了奥斯陆大学动物博物馆、挪威极地研究所、斯瓦尔巴德大学和特罗姆瑟大学，与当地科学家就野生海豹和熊体内的污染物、鲸和熊的繁殖策略以及多种哺乳动物的哺乳策略等问题进行了讨论。佐佐木在奥斯陆大学解剖了北极狐和北极熊，哲冢则在北极熊和北极海豹身上寻找PCB污染。欧博士美国史密森学会的奥弗泰达尔博士作了一个关于“哺乳的起源和早期进化”的讲座。立教大学的安倍晋三曾在带广大学讲述过“环境教育的课题”。日本鲸类研究所的福井、坪田、浦岛、彻贺、佐佐木、中村、阿部和石川在一个关于野生动物生活和地球环境的研讨会上讲述了他们的研究成果。研究报告：福井测定了小须鲸和布氏鲸在摄食期血清中的性激素水平，以阐明野生须鲸的生殖生理，并讨论了它们与生精小管组织学观察的关系。坪田收集了狗和日本黑熊的精子并将其冷冻保存，并测定了它们粪便中的类固醇激素水平，目的是进行野生哺乳动物的人工繁殖。为了分析北极狐咀嚼肌的功能，Sasaki对北极狐的咀嚼肌结构和头骨形态进行了解剖学观察。Urashima分析了北极熊初乳和成熟乳的糖组成，发现两者的主要糖组成存在差异。他还研究了须海豹乳低聚糖的化学结构。中村分析了大熊猫奶的一般成分、蛋白质成分、脂肪酸成分、糖成分和矿物质成分。