Development of methods for characterizing liquids in confined space

1.纳米剪切共振仪的研制我们设计了一种新的剪切共振仪，使我们能够研究两个不透明表面之间的液体。2.受限液晶(6CB)的有序化和结构：温度依赖性我们用剪切共振法研究了6CB(4-氰基-4‘-己基联苯)在裸云母表面和疏水云母表面之间的结构行为。已知6CB平行于裸云母表面取向(均匀取向)和垂直于疏水云母表面取向(同向取向)。对于这些不同的方向，观察到了相当不同的行为。我们在剪切共振仪中建立了温度调节系统，发现当6CB被限制在云母表面之间时，各向同性状态下的粘度也急剧增加。分析了压电体的输入电压与电容探头测量的输出电压之间的相移，得到了4 nm厚的6CB约束在云母表面之间的摩擦系数。我们还研究了6CB在不同剪切速度和不同取向下的摩擦和粘度。3.纳米空间中的限定效应：溶液和染料溶液我们用可以测量受限液膜吸收的“FeCo光谱”研究了6CB(液晶)-苏丹黑(染料)二元液体体系。研究发现，当距离小于10 nm时，苏丹黑在云母表面之间发生凝聚。初步探讨了苏丹黑的这种缩合对摩擦性能的影响。

1.Development of Nano-Shear Resonance ApparatusWe have designed a new shear resonance apparatus which enable us to study liquids between two opaque surfaces. This apparatus was build using the so-called "Twinpath surface force apparatus", which uses the "Twinpath" reflective interferometry for the distance measurement.2.Ordering and Structuring of Confined Liquid Crystal (6CB) : Temperature DependenceWe studied the structuring behavior of 6CB (4-cyano-4'hexyl biphenyl) confined between bare mica surfaces as well as between hydrophobized mica surfaces by the Langmuir-Bledgett monolayer by using shear resonance method. It is known that 6CB orients parallel to the bare mica surface (homogeneous orientation) and orients perpendicular to the hydrophobized mica surface (homeotropic orientation). Quite different behavior was observed for these different orientations. We built temperature regulation system into shear resonance apparatus and found that the viscosity of 6CB in isotropic state also increased drastically when they were confined between mica surfaces. We also analyzed the phase shift between input voltage to the piezo and the output voltage measured by capacitance probe, and obtained friction coefficient of 4 nm thick 6CB confined between mica surfaces. We are also investigated the friction and viscosity at various shear velocity as well as in the different orientation of 6CB.3.Confined Effect in Nanometer Space : Solution and Dye SolutionWe investigated the 6CB (liquid crystal)-Sudan Black (dye) binary liquid system by using "FECO spectroscopy" which can measure the absorption of confined thin liquid film. It was found that Sudan Black condensed between mica surfaces when the distance decreased lower than 10 nm. The primary investigation of the effect of this condensation of Sudan Black on the frictional properties was attempted.