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地球温暖化指標の測定精度向上を目的とした地球観測衛星の校正技術開発

开发对地观测卫星校准技术，提高全球变暖指标测量精度

基本信息

批准号：
14350517
负责人：
ITOH Nobunari
金额：
$ 6.72万
依托单位：
the Japan Aerospace and Exploration Agency
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

As is known that output signals of optical sensors equipped on earth observation satellites show the degradation on orbit. One of the most probable cause of the degradation is thought to be contamination effect. Since the presence of contamination, even in miniscule level, can affect the performance of optical sensors, effective contamination control is essential for the success of earth observation missions. In this study, it was proposed to create essential database about contamination effects and comprehend the contamination effects from both sides of theory and experiment.As for particulate contamination, following analyses were performed.1.The chemical composition analysis was carried out for the particulate samples collected under satellite storage condition at Tanegashima Space Center by EPMA. It was found that the major part of contaminated particles was man-caused.2.The measurements about the correlation between the area coverage and the surface cleanliness level were performe … More d as the first step of the contamination control. It was found that area coverage of optical surfaces put under satellite storage condition was well agreed with the results measured in laboratory.3.The measurement of bi-directional reflectance distribution functions(BRDFs) was performed for the samples with different surface cleanliness levels using the multidetector hemispherical optical scattering instrument. It was found that the experiment results could be explained by Mie scatter model from the numerical computation.4.It was also performed the measurement of BRDFs caused by man-caused particles. Artificial collagen was adopted as test particulate sample.5.In order to estimate the rate of particle elimination occurred on orbit, the fractions of eliminated particles from optical surfaces caused by centrifugal force or impact shock were measured. It was found that the variation of the percent area coverage owing to the mirror rotation was not more than 0.18%.As for molecular contamination, sensor performances would be affected seriously if the strong absorption bands of the contaminants exist in the region of our interest. Since molecular contaminants have their own absorption bands, In order to investigate the relation between adsorption quantity of gaseous contaminants and optical transmittance, following analyses were carried out.6.We built up the measurement system based on the volumetric method.7.The variations of transmittance of optical materials were measured within the range of 0.3um<λ<20um. It was detected that absorption profiles of hydroxyl contained in optical materials was changed by deposition of molecular gas such as N_2,O_2, and CO_2. Less

众所周知，对地观测卫星上搭载的光学传感器的输出信号在轨道上表现出退化。降解的最可能原因之一被认为是污染效应。由于污染的存在，即使在很小的水平，可以影响光学传感器的性能，有效的污染控制是必不可少的地球观测任务的成功。本研究提出了建立污染效应基础数据库，从理论和实验两个方面了解污染效应的研究思路，对颗粒污染进行了以下分析：1.利用电子探针对种子岛宇宙中心卫星储存条件下收集的颗粒样品进行了化学成分分析。研究了表面覆盖率与表面清洁度之间的相关性，并对表面覆盖率与表面清洁度之间的相关性进行了分析，得出了表面覆盖率与表面清洁度之间的相关性 ...更多信息 d作为污染控制的第一步。实验结果表明，卫星贮存条件下光学表面的面积覆盖率与实验室测量结果吻合较好。3.利用多探测器半球光散射仪对不同表面洁净度的样品进行了双向反射分布函数（BRDFs）的测量。通过数值计算发现，Mie散射模型可以很好地解释实验结果。采用人工胶原蛋白作为微粒样品。5.测量了离心力和冲击力作用下光学表面微粒的去除率，以估算轨道上微粒的去除率。结果表明，由于镜面旋转引起的面积覆盖率变化不超过0.18%，而对于分子污染，如果污染物的强吸收带存在于我们感兴趣的区域内，则会严重影响传感器的性能.由于分子污染物有其自身的吸收带，为了研究气体污染物的吸附量与光学透过率的关系，本文进行了以下分析：6.建立了基于容量法的测量系统; 7.测量了光学材料在0.3um<λ<20 um范围内的透过率变化。研究发现，N_2、O_2、CO_2等分子气体的沉积改变了光学材料中羟基的吸收曲线。少