Ergogenic effects of β_2-agonist, clenbuterol and glucocorticoid in rats

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The ergogenic effects of/β_2-agonist, clenbuterol (CLE : 0.01-1.0 mg/kg BW) on plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, insulin and cyclic AMP concentrations, and plasma volume ratio were studied in rats (1-st Experiment). Effects of CLE (1.0 mg/kg BW/day for 10 days), whole body suspension (WBS for 10 days) and immobilization (IMM for 10 days) on the number of white blood cells in rats (2-nd Experiment).1-st Experiment :1)CLE increased significantly the plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and insulin concentrations in the dose-dependent manner. 2)CLE increased significantly the plasma volume ratio(=ratio of plasma volume to total blood volume) in the dose-dependent manner and the increase of plasma volume ratio was maintained over 10 hours after the admistration, suggesting the increasing action of CLE to extracellular fluid volume. 3)No significant changes of plasma cyclic AMP concentration were observed in CLE admistration. These results indicate that CLE increas … More es dose-dependently plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, insulin concentrations, and extracellullar fluid volume (=plasma volume ratio) without changing plasma cyclic AMP concentrations.2-nd Experiment :1)Numbers of total white blood cells in the IMM, WBS groups were significantly higher than those in the control (CON) groups. No effects of numbers of total white blood cells, however, were observed in CLE-administration. 2)Numbers of neutrophil and monocyte in the IMM, WBS and CLE-administration groups were significantly higher than those in the CON groups. 3)Numbers of lymphocytes did not change with the IMM and WBS. CLE-administration, however, decreased significantly the numbers of lymphocytes to approximately 0.56 times, as compared with the CON group. 4)The IMM and WBS increased signicantly the numbers of basophil than in the CON groups. No significant effects of the numbers of basophil, however, were observed in CLE-administration. 5)The IMM and WBS increased significantly the numbers of eosinophil than in the CON groups. On the contrary, the numbers of eosinophil in CLE-administration group were about 0.53 times significantly lower than those in the CON group. 6)Thymus weights in three groupswere 0.65-0.83 times significantly lower than in the CON groups. Adrenal weights in three groups were also relatively higher than those in the CON groups.In conclusion, the IMM, WBS and CLE-administration increased markedly the numbers of neutrophils and monocytes. Although the IMM and WBS increased total white blood cells, the WBS increased more markedly the numbers of monocytes, lymphocytes and basophils than in the IMM. CLE-administration, however, decreased the numbers of lymphocytes and eosinophils. Less